Table 2.
Quality assessment Tools
| Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) for qualitative studies | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study | Was there a clear statement of the aims of the research? | Is a qualitative methodology appropriate? | Was the research design appropriate to address the aims of the research? | Was the recruitment strategy appropriate to the aims of the research? | Were the data collected in a way that addressed the research issue? | Has the relationship between researcher and participants been adequately considered? | Have ethical issues been taken into consideration? | Was the data analysis sufficiently rigorous? | Is there a clear statement of findings? | Value of research |
| Devine et al. (2021) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Devine et al. (2020a) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| McDowell et al. (2021a) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| McDowell et al. (2021b) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Mellifont (2017) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Stirling et al. (2018) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Waghorn et al. (2020) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Mixed Methods Appraisal Tools (MMAT) for mixed‐methods studies | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study | Are there clear research questions? | Do the collected data allow to address the research questions? | Is there an adequate rationale for using a mixed‐methods design to address the research question? | Are the different components of the study effectively integrated to answer the research question? | Are the outputs of the integration of qualitative and quantitative components adequately interpreted? | Are divergences and inconsistencies between quantitative and qualitative results adequately addressed? | Do the different components of the study adhere to the quality criteria of each tradition of the methods involved? |
| Devine et al. (2020b) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Fernandez et al. (2017) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Petrakis et al. (2018) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Mixed Methods Appraisal Tools (MMAT) for quantitative studies | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study | Are there clear research questions? | Do the collected data allow to address the research questions? | Are the participants representative of the target population? | Are measurements appropriate regarding both the outcome and intervention (or exposure)? | Are there complete outcome data? | Are the confounders accounted for in the design and analysis? | During the study period, is the intervention administered (or exposure occurred) as intended? |
| Aitken et al. (2020) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Parletta et al. (2017) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |