TABLE 1.
Demographics and univariate analysis of risk factors for administration of additional reversal following reversal of rocuronium with neostigmine
| Demographics | Control (n = 6272) | RNMB (n = 101) | p‐Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median [IQR] | Median [IQR] | ||
| Age (year) | 9.69 [4.01, 14.38] | 14.00 [8.00, 16.00] | 1.12*10−4 a |
| Weight (kg) | 32.66 [15.70, 58.06] | 58.97 [21.32, 77.40] | 1.05*10−4 a |
| Demographics | N (%) | N (%) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASA ≥3 | 1570 (25.0) | 34 (33.7) | 0.062 |
| Weight, <5th percentile or >95th percentile | 1942 (31.0) | 41 (40.6) | 0.049 |
| Neuromuscular disease | 12 (0.2) | 1 (1.0) | 0.513 |
| Male | 3386 (54.0) | 48 (47.5) | 0.233 |
| Inpatient | 1968 (31.4) | 34 (33.7) | 0.702 |
| Emergency | 941 (15.0) | 26 (25.7) | 0.004 |
| Demographics (Ethnicity) | |||
| Hispanic | 858 (13.7) | 16 (15.8) | 0.631 |
| Demographics (Race) | 0.045 | ||
| African American | 990 (15.8) | 25 (24.8) | ‐ |
| Caucasian | 3609 (57.5) | 54 (53.5) | ‐ |
| Other | 1673 (26.7) | 22 (21.8) | ‐ |
| Surgical case type | 0.409 | ||
| ENT | 454 (7.2) | 9 (8.9) | ‐ |
| General | 2727 (43.5) | 45 (44.6) | ‐ |
| Orthopedic | 1474 (23.5) | 17 (16.8) | ‐ |
| Other | 1617 (25.8) | 30 (29.7) | ‐ |
| Case length | 0.677 | ||
| Case length < 60 min | 952 (15.2) | 16 (15.8) | ‐ |
| Case length 60–120 min | 2568 (40.9) | 37 (36.6) | ‐ |
| Case length > 120 min | 2752 (43.9) | 48 (47.5) | ‐ |
| Other variables | |||
| Off Hours Case | 995 (15.9) | 14 (13.9) | 0.682 |
| Elevated End‐Tidal Agent Concentration | 1181 (18.8) | 10 (9.9) | 0.031 |
| Neuromuscular blockade variables | |||
| Initial neostigmine dose administered <28 min after last rocuronium dose | 1930 (30.8) | 46 (45.6) | 0.002 |
| Rocuronium re‐dosed | 2497 (39.8) | 56 (55.4) | 0.002 |
| Rocuronium dose >0.45 mg kg−1 hr−1 | 2639 (42.1) | 54 (53.5) | 0.028 |
| Initial neostigmine dose <0.05 mg kg−1 | 477 (7.6) | 21 (20.8) | 7.05*10−4 |
| TOF monitored intraoperatively | 3924 (62.6) | 85 (84.2) | 6.40*10−4 |
| TOF count = 0 | 513 (8.2) | 45 (44.6) | 7.54*10−4 |
| TOF count = 1 | 251 (4.0) | 8 (7.9) | 0.085 |
| TOF count = 2 | 243 (3.9) | 8 (7.9) | 0.069 |
| TOF count = 3 | 134 (2.1) | 2 (2.0) | 0.998 |
| TOF count = 4 | 2783 (44.4) | 22 (21.8) | 9.62*10−4 |
Note: p < 0.05 considered significant.
Abbreviations: ASA, American society of anesthesiologist physical status; ENT, otolaryngologic or airway procedure; LASSO, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator; RNMB, residual neuromuscular blockade; TOF, train‐of‐four.
a
Data were not normally distributed.