TABLE 1.
Pain and TMJ noises (Categorical clinical variables). A comparison between 26 patients with hEDS and 39 controls adjusted for gender, age and BMI
| Pain and sounds from TMJ | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hEDS (N, %) | Control (N, %) | Independent variable (reference) | p‐value | OR | 95% CI, OR | |||
| Yes | No | Yes | No | |||||
| Facial pain | 23 (88.5%) | 3 (11.5%) | 3 (7.7%) | 36 (92.3%) | Group (hEDS) | <0.0001*** (0.0002) | 80.960 | 14.284;458.862 |
| Gender (male) | 0.770 | 0.715 | .075; 6.798 | |||||
| Age | 0.836 | 1.010 | .919; 1.111 | |||||
| BMI | 0.712 | 1.037 | .856; 1.256 | |||||
| Headache | 23 (88.5%) | 3 (11.5%) | 16 (41%) | 23 (59%) | Group (hEDS) | 0.002** (0.003) | 9.120 | 2.260;36.795 |
| Gender (male) | 0.363 | 0.478 | 0.097; 2.345 | |||||
| Age | 0.949 | 1.002 | 0.939; 1.069 | |||||
| BMI | 0.117 | 1.108 | 0.975; 1.259 | |||||
| Pain at maximum opening movements | 15 (57.7%) | 11 (42.3%) | 4 (10.3%) | 35 (89.7%) | Group (hEDS) | 0.001** (0.002) | 9.523 | 2.401; 37.777 |
| Gender (male) | 0.756 | 0.781 | 0.164; 3.714 | |||||
| Age | 0.608 | 1.018 | 0.952; 1.088 | |||||
| BMI | 0.265 | 1.083 | 0.942; 1.245 | |||||
| Pain at lateral movements | 10 (38.5%) | 16 (61.5%) | 0 (0%) | 39 (100%) | Group # (hEDS) | 0.000*** (0.0002) | ||
| Pain at protrusive movements | 9 (34.6%) | 17 (65.4%) | 1 (2.6%) | 38 (97.4%) | Group (hEDS) | 0.031* (0.034) | 13.306 | 1.262; 140.274 |
| Gender (male) | 0.770 | 0.800 | 0.178; 3.586 | |||||
| Age | 0.671 | 1.014 | 0.951; 1.082 | |||||
| BMI | 0.440 | 1.057 | 0.918; 1.218 | |||||
| Muscle pain with palpation – Temporalis | 23 (88.5%) | 3 (11.5%) | 10 (25.6%) | 29 (74.4%) | Group (hEDS) | <0.0001*** (0.0002) | 21.067 | 4.572; 97.073 |
| Gender (male) | 0.989 | 0.988 | 0.168; 5.805 | |||||
| Age | 0.377 | 1.033 | 0.961; 1.110 | |||||
| BMI | 0.638 | 1.034 | 0.898; 1.191 | |||||
| Muscle pain with palpation ‐ Masseter | 25 (96.2%) | 1 (3.8%) | 10 (25.6%) | 29 (74.4%) | Group (hEDS) | 0.003** (0.005) | 26.284 | 3.151; 219.239 |
| Gender (male) | 0.550 | 0.601 | 0.113; 3.185 | |||||
| Age | 0.796 | 1.009 | 0.943; 1.079 | |||||
| BMI | 0.184 | 1.092 | 0.959; 1.243 | |||||
| Muscle pain with palpation ‐ TMJ | 17 (65.4%) | 9 (34.6%) | 4 (10.3%) | 35 (89.7%) | Group (hEDS) | <0.0001*** (0.0002) | 13.909 | 3.535; 54.726 |
| Gender (male) | 0.329 | 0.426 | 0.077; 2.364 | |||||
| Age | 0.912 | 1.004 | 0.937; 1.075 | |||||
| BMI | 0.271 | 1.087 | 0.937; 1.260 | |||||
| Click at jaw movements | 17 (65.4%) | 9 (34.6%) | 18 (46.2%) | 21 (53.8%) | Group (hEDS) | 0.111 (0.11) | 2.517 | 0.810; 7.823 |
| Gender (male) | 0.416 | 0.539 | 0.112; 2.389 | |||||
| Age | 0.889 | 1.004 | 0.947; 1.065 | |||||
| BMI | 0.017* | 1.165 | 1.028; 1.318 | |||||
| Crepitus at jaw movements | 15 (57.5%) | 11 (42.3%) | 6 (15.4%) | 33 (84.6%) | Group (hEDS) | <0.0001*** (0.0002) | 15.748 | 3.470; 71.460 |
| Gender (male) | 0.109 | 0.236 | 0.040; 1.378 | |||||
| Age | 0.904 | 0.996 | 0.929; 1.067 | |||||
| BMI | 0.009** | 1.230 | 1.052; 1.437 | |||||
| Click and crepitus at jaw movements | 23 (88.5%) | 3 (11.5%) | 23 (59%) | 16 (41%) | Group (hEDS) | 0.012* (0.014) | 6.803 | 1.530; 30.247 |
| Gender (male) | 0.350 | 0.473 | 0.098; 2.273 | |||||
| Age | 0.896 | 1.004 | 0.944; 1.068 | |||||
| BMI | 0.016* | 1.173 | 1.030; 1.335 | |||||
| Joint locking | 5 (19.2%) | 21 (80.8%) | 0 (0%) | 39 (100%) | Group # (hEDS) | 0.008** (0.011) | ||
Note: The p‐values marked in bold are significant p‐values corrected for multiple testing comparing groups.
Abbreviations: CI, Confidence interval; OR, Odds ratio.
*p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001; #Fisher's Exact Test was performed.