TABLE 4.
Osseous changes of the TMJs (Radiological findings). A comparison between 26 patients with hEDS and 39 controls adjusted for gender, age and BMI
| Radiological findings | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hEDS (N, %) | Control (N, %) | Independent variable (reference) | p‐value | OR | 95% CI, OR | |||
| Yes | No | Yes | No | |||||
| Condylar hypoplasia | 8 (30.8%) | 18 (69.2%) | 5 (12.8%) | 34 (87.2%) | Group (hEDS) | 0.100 (0.23) | 3.141 | 0.802; 12.294 |
| Gender (male) | 0.356 | 0.504 | 0.118; 2.157 | |||||
| Age | 0.765 | 1.009 | 0.950; 1.073 | |||||
| BMI | 0.057 | 1.126 | 0.997; 1.273 | |||||
| Articular surface flattening | 17 (65.4%) | 9 (34.6%) | 24 (61.5%) | 15 (38.5%) | Group (hEDS) | 0.869 (0.87) | 1.098 | 0.359; 3.361 |
| Gender (male) | 0.300 | 0.469 | 0.112; 1.965 | |||||
| Age | 0.992 | 1.000 | 0.944; 1.060 | |||||
| BMI | 0.036* | 1.141 | 1.009; 1.290 | |||||
| Subcortical sclerosis | 15 (57.7%) | 11 (42.3%) | 10 (25.6%) | 29 (74.4%) | Group (hEDS) | 0.005* (0.045) | 5.663 | 1.674; 19.160 |
| Gender (male) | 0.668 | 0.712 | 0.151; 3.354 | |||||
| Age | 0.827 | 1.008 | 0.946: 1.072 | |||||
| BMI | 0.016* | 1.177 | 1.030; 1.344 | |||||
| Subcortical cyst | 2 (7.7%) | 24 (92.3%) | 1 (2.6%) | 38 (97.4%) | Group (hEDS) | 0.322 (0.48) | 3.789 | 0.272; 52.783 |
| Gender (male) | 0.301 | 0.469 | 0.112; 1.970 | |||||
| Age | 0.801 | 0.992 | 0.933; 1.055 | |||||
| BMI | 0.026* | 1.152 | 1.017; 1.305 | |||||
| Surface erosion | 2 (7.7%) | 24 (92.3%) | 3 (7.7%) | 36 (92.3%) | Group (hEDS) | 0.844 (0.87) | 1.225 | 0.163; 9.207 |
| Gender (male) | 0.295 | 0.465 | 0.111; 1.946 | |||||
| Age | 0.989 | 1.000 | 0.942; 1.060 | |||||
| BMI | 0.033* | 1.144 | 1.011; 1.294 | |||||
| Osteophyte | 7 (26.9%) | 19 (73.1%) | 3 (7.7%) | 36 (92.3%) | Group (hEDS) | 0.014* (0.063) | 8.459 | 1.538; 46.513 |
| Gender (male) | 0.692 | 0.737 | 0.162; 3.350 | |||||
| Age | 0.447 | 1.026 | 0.961: 1.095 | |||||
| BMI | 0.018* | 1.166 | 1.027; 1.324 | |||||
| Generalised sclerosis | 1 (3.8%) | 25 (96.2%) | 1 (2.6%) | 38 (97.4%) | Group (hEDS) | 0.611 (0.79) | 2.123 | 0.116; 38.714 |
| Gender (male) | 0.327 | 0.486 | 0.115; 2.057 | |||||
| Age | 0.949 | 1.002 | 0.945; 1.062 | |||||
| BMI | 0.031* | 1.145 | 1.013; 1.296 | |||||
| Deviation in form of the condyle | 7 (26.9%) | 19 (73.1%) | 3 (7.7%) | 36 (92.3%) | Group (hEDS) | 0.039* (0.12) | 5.890 | 1.090; 31.839 |
| Gender (male) | 0.211 | 0.389 | 0.088; 1.710 | |||||
| Age | 0.502 | 0.978 | 0.918; 1.043 | |||||
| BMI | 0.025* | 5.890 | 1.090; 31.839 | |||||
| Fossa/eminence: Subcortical sclerosis | 4 (15.4%) | 22 (84.6%) | 2 (5.1%) | 37 (94.9%) | Group (hEDS) | 0.192 (0.35) | 3.697 | 0.520; 26.302 |
| Gender (male) | 0.333 | 0.491 | 0.116; 2.072 | |||||
| Age | 0.716 | 0.989 | 0.930; 1.051 | |||||
| BMI | 0.026* | 1.154 | 1.018; 1.308 | |||||
Note: Condylar hyperplasia, Loose joint body, Bony ankylosis, Fossa/eminence: Articular surface flattening and Fossa/eminence: Surface erosion were not detected in any of the two groups.
The p‐value marked in bold is significant p‐value corrected for multiple testing comparing groups.
Abbreviations: CI, Confidence interval; OR, Odds ratio.
*p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001.