TABLE 1.

Characteristics of patients with poststroke epilepsy according to drug resistance

Characteristic	Drug responsive, n = 130	Drug resistant, n = 29	p
Male sex	86 (66.2)	18 (62.1)	0.676
Age at stroke onset, years	57.8 (14.7)	52.1 (15.3)	0.065
Family history of seizures	4 (3.1)	2 (6.9)	0.329
Hypertension	90 (69.2)	18 (62.1)	0.455
Diabetes mellitus	24 (18.5)	6 (20.7)	0.782
Dyslipidemia	51 (39.2)	11 (37.9)	0.897
Atrial fibrillation	19 (14.6)	2 (6.9)	0.267
Coronary heart disease	26 (20.0)	4 (13.8)	0.440
Stroke type			0.016
Cerebral infarct	89 (68.5)	13 (44.8)
Intracerebral hemorrhage	41 (31.5)	16 (55.2)
Stroke severity a			0.001
Mild to moderate	75 (57.7)	7 (24.1)
Severe	55 (42.3)	22 (75.9)
Cortical involvement	87 (68.5)	24 (82.8)	0.126
Early poststroke seizures b	16 (12.3)	6 (20.7)	0.237
Epilepsy latency, months c	19 [14–42]	13 [7–15]	<0.001
Status epilepticus at epilepsy onset	5 (3.9)	7 (24.1)	<0.001
Seizure types			0.013
Focal onset	67 (51.5)	11 (37.9)
Focal‐to‐bilateral tonic–clonic	41 (31.6)	17 (58.6)
Generalized or unknown onset	22 (16.9)	1 (3.5)
Follow‐up time, years	5 [3–9]	6 [3–12]	0.226

Note: Data are mean (SD) or median [interquartile range] for continuous variables and n (%) for categorical variables.

Abbreviation: NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.

^a Stroke was defined as mild to moderate if NIHSS score at stroke onset was <16 and severe if initial NIHSS score was ≥16.

^b Seizures occurring within 7 days of stroke onset.

^c The latency of epilepsy was defined as the time interval between stroke onset and the occurrence of first‐time unprovoked poststroke seizure.