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. 2022 Jun 6;56(4):675–693. doi: 10.1111/apt.17063

TABLE 4.

Cox proportional hazards regression analyses of associations between (2log‐transformed) serum biomarker levels and the risk of (A) progression or recurrence of stricturing disease, (B) progression or recurrence of penetrating disease and (C) CD‐related surgical interventions

HR per doubling a (95% CI) Tertiles per biomarker b
Tertile 1 (low) Tertile 2 (mid) Tertile 3 (high)
A. Stricturing disease
C1M 1.17 (0.79–1.73), p = 0.424 0.77 (0.30–1.99), p = 0.768 0.51 (0.18–1.44), p = 0.511 1.00 (reference)
C3M 0.76 (0.29–1.95), p = 0.563 1.06 (0.40–2.85), p = 0.906 0.96 (0.34–2.75), p = 0.944 1.00 (reference)
PRO‐C3 0.66 (0.30–1.45), p = 0.301 1.43 (0.53–3.85), p = 0.478 0.90 (0.31–2.56), p = 0.836 1.00 (reference)
C3M/PRO‐C3 1.16 (0.59–2.30), p = 0.669 0.77 (0.30–2.00), p = 0.769 0.54 (0.19–1.53), p = 0.542 1.00 (reference)
C4M 0.85 (0.36–1.97), p = 0.699 1.32 (0.51–3.42), p = 0.562 0.63 (0.20–1.99), p = 0.630 1.00 (reference)
PRO‐C4 1.11 (0.56–2.18), p = 0.764 0.53 (0.20–1.38), p = 0.193 0.54 (0.20–1.49), p = 0.236 1.00 (reference)
PRO‐C4/C4M 1.78 (0.53–5.99), p = 0.352 0.37 (0.13–1.06), p = 0.063 0.54 (0.21–1.40), p = 0.207 1.00 (reference)
C4G 1.08 (0.61–1.89), p = 0.800 0.86 (0.36–2.07), p = 0.739 0.26 (0.07–1.03), p = 0.065 1.00 (reference)
C6Ma3 2.01 (0.89–4.57), p = 0.095 0.61 (0.21–1.76), p = 0.360 1.19 (0.46–3.09), p = 0.720 1.00 (reference)
B. Penetrating disease
C1M 1.33 (0.90–1.97), p = 0.154 1.00 (reference) 5.91 (1.31–26.7), p = 0.021 4.73 (1.00–22.3), p = 0.049
C3M 2.18 (0.87–5.47), p = 0.098 1.00 (reference) 0.51 (0.15–1.68), p = 0.265 1.48 (0.58–3.77), p = 0.411
PRO‐C3 1.16 (0.50–2.69), p = 0.723 1.00 (reference) 0.75 (0.25–2.25), p = 0.609 1.21 (0.45–3.26), p = 0.707
C3M/PRO‐C3 1.33 (0.69–2.53), p = 0.393 1.00 (reference) 1.17 (0.39–3.49), p = 0.777 1.74 (0.62–4.93), p = 0.296
C4M 1.53 (0.69–3.39), p = 0.297 1.00 (reference) 1.52 (0.53–4.38), p = 0.440 1.64 (0.57–4.74), p = 0.365
PRO‐C4 2.24 (1.07–4.71), p = 0.033 1.00 (reference) 1.91 (0.62–5.89), p = 0.258 2.10 (0.70–6.28), p = 0.184
PRO‐C4/C4M 4.81 (1.13–20.4), p = 0.033 1.00 (reference) 1.58 (0.52–4.85), p = 0.420 1.86 (0.62–5.55), p = 0.266
C4G 1.71 (1.05–2.81), p = 0.032 1.00 (reference) 0.53 (0.13–2.11), p = 0.366 2.66 (1.01–7.01), p = 0.048
C6Ma3 2.00 (0.87–4.62), p = 0.104 1.00 (reference) 3.03 (0.95–9.67), p = 0.062 2.30 (0.69–7.64), p = 0.175
C. Surgical interventionsc
C1M 1.39 (0.94–2.06), p = 0.099 1.00 (reference) 2.14 (0.66–6.98), p = 0.208 3.13 (0.96–10.2), p = 0.059
C3M 1.24 (0.49–3.12), p = 0.648 1.00 (reference) 0.48 (0.15–1.57), p = 0.226 1.19 (0.47–3.01), p = 0.714
PRO‐C3 1.01 (0.42–2.44), p = 0.975 1.00 (reference) 0.50 (0.16–1.53), p = 0.223 1.05 (0.40–2.72), p = 0.922
C3M/PRO‐C3 1.12 (0.56–2.25), p = 0.752 1.00 (reference) 0.70 (0.24–2.01), p = 0.504 1.13 (0.42–3.04), p = 0.806
C4M 1.07 (0.47–2.39), p = 0.879 1.00 (reference) 1.01 (0.36–2.78), p = 0.993 1.10 (0.40–3.06), p = 0.854
PRO‐C4 1.41 (0.70–2.87), p = 0.340 1.00 (reference) 1.67 (0.58–4.86), p = 0.345 1.75 (0.60–5.08), p = 0.304
PRO‐C4/C4M 2.76 (0.64–11.9), p = 0.173 1.00 (reference) 1.18 (0.40–3.51), p = 0.767 1.64 (0.58–4.61), p = 0.352
C4G 1.00 (0.55–1.80), p = 0.990 1.00 (reference) 0.23 (0.05–1.05), p = 0.058 1.46 (0.61–3.54), p = 0.398
C6Ma3 2.08 (0.87–5.00), p = 0.101 1.00 (reference) 2.61 (0.88–7.67), p = 0.082 1.80 (0.57–5.71), p = 0.320

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; MV, multivariable analysis; UV, univariable analysis.

a

Biomarker levels were 2log‐transformed before entry into the model as a continuous predictor, facilitating results interpretation (per doubling).

b

Per biomarker, levels were divided into tertiles with the lowest tertile (Tertile 1) set as a reference standard in the model.