TABLE 3.
Outcomes for DPC
| Core area | Outcome domain | How it is measured | Number of articles reporting outcome | Min/max follow up (day; week; month; year) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival | Tooth survival | Pulp | 5 | 6 months–9 years |
| Tooth | 4 | 0.4–22 years | ||
| NS | 7 | 1–3 years | ||
| Physiological/Clinical changes | Pain | VAS | 4 | 1–7 days |
| Questionnaire | 1 | 8–30 days | ||
| Patient report | 39 | 1 day–16.6 years | ||
| Verbal pain scale | 1 | 1–6 weeks | ||
| Symptoms | Patient report | 36 | 1 week–7.4 years | |
| Infection‐swelling, sinus, fistula or abscess | Clinical examination | 16 | 1 week–123 months | |
| Radiographic evidence of disease progression | Radiographic assessment | 44 | 3 weeks–22 years | |
| Vitality/sensibility | Cold test only | 16 | 1 week–22 years | |
| EPT only | 7 | |||
| Cold test and EPT | 4 | |||
| Cold test or EPT | 3 | |||
| Thermal unspecified and EPT | 3 | |||
| Heat and cold test and EPT | 2 | |||
| EPT &/or heat or cold | 1 | |||
| Thermal unspecified and Doppler flowmetry | 1 | |||
| Cold test and Doppler flowmetry | 1 | |||
| NS | 10 | |||
| Tenderness to percussion/palpation | TTP and palpation | 8 | 1 week–16.6 years | |
| TTP only | 14 | |||
| Palpation only | 1 | |||
| Mobility | Clinical examination/NS | 7 | 3–123 months | |
| Periodontal probing depths/attachment loss | Clinical examination | 5 | 1–22 years | |
| Continued root development or apexogenesis | Radiographic assessment | 4 | 6 months–22 years | |
| Evidence of inflammatory response | Histology | 28 | 1–300 days | |
| Clinical | 2 | |||
| Hard tissue/dentine barrier formation/remineralisation | Radiographic assessment | 8 | 30 days–22 years | |
| Radiographic and clinical | 1 | 2 months | ||
| Histological assessment | 24 | 7 days–6 months | ||
| Histological and CBCT | 2 | 2 weeks | ||
| Integrity /quality of restoration | Clinical and radiographic | 4 | 12–123 months | |
| Clinical only | 5 | 1 week–8 months | ||
| Life impact | Presence of a functional tooth | NS | 2 | 12–123 months |
| Success | Clinical/ radiographic assessment | 18 | 1 week–6 years | |
| Clinical only | 4 | 0.4–16.6 years | ||
| Radiographic only | 1 | 3 years | ||
| NS | 7 | 1 month–5 years | ||
| Aesthetics‐ discolouration | Clinical assessment | 9 | 1 month–7 years | |
| Visual comparison, photographs | ||||
| Satisfaction with treatment | History and questionnaire | 1 | 8–30 days | |
| Resource use | Need for further intervention | Clinical or radiographic assessment | 22 | 1 month–22.2 years |
| Time to complete procedure | Timed by clinician | 1 | Baseline | |
| Patient comfort | Questionnaire | 1 | Baseline | |
| Emergency attendance for any treatment related to tooth | CROM | 1 | 6–36 months | |
| Need for analgesic medication in postop period | History | 4 | 1 week–1 year | |
| Adverse effects | Calcification | Radiographic assessment | 10 | 6–72 months |
| Resorption | Radiographic assessment | 10 | 6 month–22 years | |
| Histological assessment | 1 | 7–65 days | ||
| Pathological narrowing pulp chamber or canals/ obliteration | Radiographic assessment | 3 | 6 months–3 years | |
| Secondary caries | Clinical and radiographic assessment | 3 | 1–123 months |
Abbreviations: CBCT, Cone‐beam computed tomography; CROM, Clinician reported outcome measure; EPT, electric pulp test; NS, Not specified; TTP, tender to percussion; VAS, Visual analogue Scale.