. 2022 Jun 1;47(8):1523–1535. doi: 10.1111/ced.15212

Table 3.

Association between moderate to severe atopic dermatitis and lifestyle factors using univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis.

					Model 1 ^b		Model 2 ^c		Model ^d
Characteristic ^a	Non‐AD in lifetime, mean ± SD	Moderate to severe AD, mean ± SD	Crude β (95% CI)	P	Adjusted β (95% CI)	P	Adjusted β (95% CI)	P	Adjusted β (95% CI)	P
Smoking pack‐years	6.0 ± 9.6	5.7 ± 9.3	0.97 (0.99–1.00)	0.27	1.01 (1.01–1.02)	< 0.001	1.01 (1.00–1.02)	< 0.01	1.01 (1.00–1.02)	0.03
No. of alcoholic drinks/day	0.8 ± 1.0	0.7 ± 1.0	0.94 (0.88–1.00)	0.05	1.04 (0.98–1.11)	0.19	1.06 (0.99–1.13)	0.11	1.05 (0.98–1.13)	0.21
Total LTE score	1.0 ± 1.2	1.1 ± 1.3	1.08 (1.04–1.13)	< 0.001	1.08 (1.04–1.13)	< 0.001	1.05 (1.00–1.09)	0.053	1.03 (0.98–1.09)	0.24
Total LDI score	2.3 ± 2.3	3.2 ± 2.6	1.15 (1.13–1.17)	< 0.001	1.11 (1.09–1.13)	< 0.001	1.08 (1.05–1.10)	< 0.001	1.07 (1.04–1.10)	< 0.001
BMI, kg/m²	25.9 ± 4.2	26.0 ± 4.5	1.00 (0.99–1.02)	0.82	1.02 (1.01–1.03)	0.001	1.01 (0.99–1.02)	0.29	1.01 (0.99–1.02)	0.49
WC, cm	90.0 ± 12.1	88.8 ± 12.7	0.99 (0.99–1.00)	0.001	1.01 (1.00–1.01)	< 0.01	1.00 (1.00–1.02)	0.48	1.00 (1.00–1.01)	0.64
LLDS score	24.8 ± 6.0	24.2 ± 6.0	0.98 (0.97–0.99)	< 0.01	1.0 (0.99–1.01)	0.58	1.00 (0.99–1.01)	0.65	1.00 (0.99–1.01)	0.94
Sleep duration, h/day	7.5 ± 0.9	7.5 ± 0.9	1.01 (0.95–1.08)	0.77	0.93 (0.87–0.99)	0.03	0.96 (0.90–1.03)	0.28	0.95 (0.88–1.03)	0.20

AD, atopic dermatitis; BMI, body mass index; LDI, Long‐term Difficulties Inventory; LTE, List of Threatening Events; MVPA, moderate to vigorous physical activity; VPA, vigorous physical activity; WC, waist circumference.

^{^a}

All characteristics excluding BMI and WC are self‐reported.

^{^b}

Model 1 included age and sex.

^{^c}

Model 2 included age, sex, asthma and hand eczema.

^{^d}

Model 3 included age, sex, asthma, hand eczema, smoking status, alcohol, LDI, BMI, MVPA, vegetarian/vegan, LLDS, sleep duration. Because of the overlap between variables, WC and sex, smoking status and smoking pack‐years, MVPA and VPA, and LTE and LDI were not entered at the same time in Model 3.

P < 0.05 is statistically significant.