TABLE 1.
Description of the 19 columns used in this study. The columns are divided into the following groups: Columns with cation‐exchange activity, zwitterionic columns, neutral columns, and columns with anion exchange activity
| Column name | Column description | Manufacturer | Separation type | Functional ligand | Particle type | Particle size (μm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kromasil Cyano | Kromasil Cyano | Kromasil | HILIC‐CX | cyano | fully porous silica | 5.0 |
| HSS Cyano | HSS Cyano | Waters Corp | HILIC‐CX | cyano | fully porous silica | 2.5 |
| Acclaim Mixed Mode HILIC‐1 | Acclaim MM | ThermoFisher Scientific | HILIC‐CX‐RP | alkyl chain with diol terminus | fully porous silica | 3.0 |
| Ascentis Si | Ascentis Si | Ascentis | HILIC‐CX | unbonded silica | fully porous silica | 3.0 |
| Accucore HILIC | Accucore HILIC | ThermoFisher Scientific | HILIC‐CX | unbonded silica | solid‐sore silica | 2.6 |
| CORTECS HILIC | CORTECS HILIC | Waters | HILIC‐CX | unbonded silica | solid‐sore silica | 2.7 |
| XBridge BEH HILIC | BEH HILIC | Waters | HILIC‐CX | unbonded hybrid silica | fully porous hybrid | 2.5 |
| Sielc Obelisc N | Obelisc N | Sielc | HILIC‐Zwitterion | proprietary hydrophilic CX AX | fully porous silica | 5.0 |
| SeQuant ZIC‐HILIC | ZIC‐HILIC | Sequant | HILIC‐Zwitterion | sulfobetaine | fully porous silica | 3.5 |
| SeQuant ZIC‐cHILIC | ZIC‐cHILIC | Sequant | HILIC‐Zwitterion | phosphorylcholine | fully porous silica | 3.0 |
| Atlantis Premier BEH Z‐HILIC | BEH Z‐HILIC | Waters | HILIC‐Zwitterion | sulfobetaine | fully porous hybrid | 2.5 |
| AdvanceBio MS Spent Media | AdvanceBio MS | Agilent | HILIC‐Zwitterion | proprietary zwitterion | solid‐sore hybrid silica | 2.7 |
| Acclaim HILIC‐10 | Acclaim HILIC | ThermoFisher Scientific | HILIC‐Neutral | proprietary hydrophilic | fully porous silica | 3.0 |
| Accucore Urea | Accucore Urea | ThermoFisher Scientific | HILIC‐Neutral | urea | solid‐sore silica | 3.0 |
| XBridge BEH Amide | BEH Amide | Waters | HILIC‐Neutral | amide | fully porous hybrid | 2.5 |
| Ascentis Express OH5 | Ascentis OH5 | Ascentis | HILIC‐Neutral | pentahydroxy | solid‐sore silica | 2.7 |
| Torus Diol | Torus Diol | Waters | HILIC‐Neutral | diol | fully porous hybrid | 5.0 |
| Torus 2‐PIC | Torus 2‐PIC | Waters | HILIC‐AX | 2‐picolylamine | fully porous hybrid | 5.0 |
| Torus DEA | Torus DEA | Waters | HILIC‐AX | diethylamine | fully porous hybrid | 5.0 |
Abbreviation: HILIC, hydrophilic interaction chromatography.