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. 2022 Jun 29;114(12):596–610. doi: 10.1002/bdr2.2066

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© 2022 The Authors. Birth Defects Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The embryonic disk model applied to 6 of the 10 cases. (a) Rosenstiel case: asymmetric cephalothoracoileopagus conjoined twins. (b) Peter case: asymmetric cephalothoracoileopagus conjoined twins. (c) Pannullo case: asymmetric prosopothoracoileopagus conjoined twins. (d) Trombelli case: asymmetric prosopothoracoileopagus conjoined twins. (e) Bongiovanni case: parapagus diprosopus‐thoracoileopagus conjoined triplet. (f) Chatterjee case: parapagus dicephalus‐thoracoileopagus conjoined triplet (the embryonic disk model of the Pannullo case (c) also applies to the Trombelli case (d), as does the model of the Bongiovanni case (e) to the Chatterjee case (f)).