TABLE 3.
Ethnic differences in NAFLD
| Dutch, | Cape Verdean, | Dutch Antillean, | Moroccan, | Surinamese‐Creole, | Surinamese‐Hindustani, | Turkish, | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 1,889 | N = 99 | N = 88 | N = 152 | N = 94 | N = 83 | N = 165 | |
| Main model a | |||||||
| OR of NAFLD (95% CI) | Ref. | 3.87 (1.68 to 8.92) | 2.41 (0.84 to 6.90) | 1.03 (0.32, 3.40) | 2.26 (0.79 to 6.47) | 1.29 (0.31 to 5.43) | 5.35 (2.91 to 9.84) |
| p value | Ref. | <0.01* | 0.10* | 0.95 | 0.13 | 0.73 | <0.01* |
| + Prepregnancy factors b | |||||||
| OR of NAFLD (95% CI) | Ref. | 3.28 (1.34 to 8.02) | 1.92 (0.64 to 5.80) | NA | NA | NA | 3.84 (1.84 to 8.02) |
| p value | Ref. | <0.01* | 0.24 | NA | NA | NA | <0.01* |
| Percentage change | NA | −15.4 | −20.3 | NA | NA | NA | −28.2 |
| ++ Pregnancy factors c | |||||||
| OR of NAFLD (95% CI) | Ref. | 1.08 (0.25 to 4.71) | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1.80 (0.32 to 10.28) |
| p value | Ref. | 0.91 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.51 |
| Percentage change | NA | −53.4 | NA | NA | NA | NA | −38.1 |
| +++ Childhood factors d | |||||||
| OR of NAFLD (95% CI) | Ref. | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| p value | Ref. | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Percentage change | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Full model e | |||||||
| OR of NAFLD (95% CI) | Ref. | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| p value | Ref. | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Percentage change | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Note: This table presents the odds ratios (OR) of ethnicity and NAFLD, with the accompanying CI of the different logistic regression models. NA is nonapplicable data, used for effect estimates for ethnicity after becoming nonsignificant in the previous model and the percentage change in the reference category.
Main model: age and sex.
Main model + prepregnancy factors: the main model additionally adjusted for maternal age, maternal education, and prepregnancy BMI.
Main model + prepregnancy factors + pregnancy factors: previous model additionally controlled for smoking during pregnancy, alcohol use during pregnancy, and birth weight.
Main model + prepregnancy factors + pregnancy factors + childhood factors: previous model additionally controlled for breastfeeding, sugar intake at infancy, screen time, and exercise.
Full model: previous model additionally controlled for BMI at age 10 years. BMI SD score is based on growth charts from the Dutch Growth Research Association (21).
p < 0.10.