Fig. 4.

Habitat-level plots showing mean values of (A) ant density from leaf-litter samples and (B) ant activity density from pitfall trap samples. The wide boxplots show the sample size-weighted mean (red dot), median, upper, and lower quartile per habitat; the narrow subboxplots show the data separated into two latitudinal zones: tropical (latitude −23.5° to 23.5°, orange boxplots) and extratropical (latitude <−23.5° and >23.5°, blue boxplots). The numbers in brackets after each habitat denote the number of data entries (overall/tropical/extratropical). Datapoints show values per entry, colored by sample size (natural log scale). Axes are truncated for increased readability, and habitats with fewer than six entries are excluded. Numerical values of weighted means and SEM are provided in SI Appendix, Table S3.