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. 2022 Oct 7;12:16873. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-21003-y

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Genetic correlations of opioid addiction (OA) with 38 other brain-related phenotypes. Correlations were calculated using linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression with the gSEM OA GWAS meta-analysis results, compared with results made available via LD Hub or study investigators (see Supplementary Table 24 for original references). Phenotypes were grouped by disease/trait or measurement category, as indicated by different colorings. Dots indicate the mean values for genetic correlation (r_g); error bars show the 95% confidence intervals; the dashed vertical black line corresponds to r_g = 0 (no correlation with OA), and the solid vertical black line corresponds to r_g = 1.0 (complete correlation with OA). Phenotypes with significant correlation with OA are bolded (1 degree of freedom Chi-square test; Bonferroni adjusted p-value < 0.05 after accounting for 38 independent tests). Exact p-values are provided in Supplementary Table 10). CUD, Cannabis use disorder; DPW, drinks per week; FTND, Fagerström test for nicotine dependence; HSI, heaviness of smoking index; CPD, cigarettes per day; ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; MDD, major depressive disorder; ASD, autism spectrum disorder; ICV, intracranial volume.