Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population comparing the three treatment groups
| Parameter | Basic (n = 60) | Bisphosphonate (n = 30) | Denosumab (n = 60) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Sex (f/m) | 52/8 | 26/4 | 52/8 | 1 |
| Age (years) | 68.0 (± 7.6) | 66.0 (± 10.7) | 68.9 (± 9.2) | 0.359 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.7 (± 4.3) | 24.8 (± 3.7) | 24.8 (± 4.2) | 0.983 |
| Follow-up time (months) | 17.3 (± 7.6) | 20.8 (± 8.9) | 16.2 (± 10.1) | 0.078 |
| Laboratory values | ||||
| Calcium (mmol/L) | 2.29 (± 0.11) | 2.29 (± 0.14) | 2.29 (± 0.09) | 0.961 |
| Phosphate (mmol/L) | 0.96 (± 0.16) | 0.97 (± 0.18) | 1.00 (± 0.18) | 0.289 |
| 25(OH)D3 (mg/L) | 33.6 (± 11.4) | 35.3 (± 10.9) | 37.6 (± 10.3) | 0.157 |
| PTH (ng/L) | 77.5 (± 41.1) | 80.0 (± 41.9) | 63.3 (± 21.5) | 0.038 |
| ALP (U/L) | 82.1 (± 21.7) | 88.3 (± 37.2) | 69.3 (± 22.5) | 0.002 |
| b-ALP (mg/L) | 13.9 (± 6.1) | 13.5 (± 8.8) | 10.3 (± 4.7) | 0.006 |
| Osteocalcin (mg/L) | 21.2 (± 5.2) | 21.2 (± 16.4) | 14.7 (± 8.0) | 0.001 |
| DPD/Crea (nmol/mmol) | 6.5 (± 2.13) | 8.7 (± 9.7) | 6.5 (± 2.6) | 0.126 |
| DXA | ||||
| Femoral BMD (g/cm2) | 0.819 (± 0.102) | 0.781 (± 0.121) | 0.788 (± 0.088) | 0.143 |
| Femoral T-score | -1.6 (± 0.8) | -1.8 (± 0.9) | -1.8 (± 0.7) | 0.432 |
| Spinal BMD (g/cm2) | 1.007 (± 0.174) | 0.903 (± 0.130) | 0.986 (± 0.185) | 0.028 |
| Spinal T-score | -1.6 (± 1.2) | -2.3 (± 1.0) | -1.7 (± 1.5) | 0.070 |
| Mechanography | ||||
| Grip force (kg) | 27.4 (± 8.0) | 25.7 (± 7.9) | 24.8 (± 6.8) | 0.268 |
| CRT time/cycle (s) | 2.02 (± 0.69) | 2.22 (± 0.86) | 2.08 (± 0.72) | 0.498 |
| CRT force max (kN) | 1.21 (± 0.25) | 1.01 (± 0.24) | 1.09 (± 0.25) | 0.001 |
Parameters from 150 osteopenic or osteoporotic patients (130 women, 20 men) include demographics as well as musculoskeletal assessment parameters comprising laboratory values, bone densitometry via DXA and muscle function tests via mechanography. All values were normally distributed. Bold indicates statistical significance (p < 0.05)