Figure 5.

Second stage of Phase Two procedure and analysis of post-operative survival

(A) Macroscopic overgranulation within the lumen of the scaffold.

(B) H&E staining of scaffold seven days post second stage orthotopic implantation, sliced transversely across lumen, showing cues of both luminal granulation (arrowhead in top panel) and microvascularization (arrowheads in bottom panel). Top panel scale bar 2.5 mm; bottom panel scale bar 500 μm.

(C) Kaplan-Meier survival curve by study groups of Phase One (pilot study, n = 6), Phase Two (two-stage protocol, n = 7) and Phase Three (single-stage protocol, n = 15).