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. 2022 Oct 7;5(10):e2234258. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.34258

Table. Characteristics of Patients.

Characteristic Patients, No. (%)
TraumaBase (n = 1429) TRENAU (n = 380) RACSTC (n = 355) Total (N = 2164)
Age, mean (SD), y 45.0 (19.6) 46.0 (18.9) 49.0 (19.7) 46.0 (19.0)
Sex
Female 464 (32.4) 72 (18.9) 100 (28.2) 656 (30.3)
Male 965 (67.5) 288 (75.8) 255 (71.8) 1508 (69.6)
Prehospital total transport time, mean (SD), min 99.0 (55.3) 102.0 (43.3) 76.0 (118.9) 92.0 (72.0)
Ground transportation 1101 (77.0) 200 (52.6) 147 (41.4) 1448 (66.9)
Prehospital
Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mm Hg 100.0 (35.0) 100.0 (31.9) 99.0 (31.5) 100.0 (31.0)
Heart rate, mean (SD), beats/min 100.0 (35.6) 95.0 (32.0) 101.0 (30.7) 98.0 (32.0)
Intubation 938 (65.6) 176 (46.3) 0 1114 (51.0)
Motor GCS score, median (IQR) 6.0 (1.0-6.0) 6.0 (3.0-6.0) 5.0 (1.0-6.0) 6.0 (1.0-6.0)
Blood products 93 (6.5) 35 (9.2) 0 128 (5.9)
Norepinephrine 809 (56.6) 162 (42.6) 0 971 (44.8)
Admission
Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mm Hg 95.0 (33.0) 86.0 (33.9) 96.0 (36.8) 92 (34.0)
Heart rate, mean (SD), beats/min 100.0 (33.4) 92.0 (34.3) 98.0 (37.2) 96 (34.0)
GCS score when not sedated, median (IQR) 14.0 (6.0-15.0) 13.0 (3.0-15.0) 13.0 (3.0-15.0) 13.3 (3.0-15.0)
Transfusion in resuscitation room 1098 (76.8) 228 (60.0) 314 (88.5) 1640 (75.7)
Norepinephrine started in resuscitation room 350 (24.5) 175 (46.0) 0 525 (24.2)
Transfusion of all blood products per 24 h, mean (SD), L 8.3 (7.7) 4.7 (6.3) 10.3 (11.4) 8.2 (8.5)
Massive transfusiona 357 (24.9) 83 (21.8) 103 (29.0) 543 (25.0)
ISS, median (IQR) 33.0 (22.0-43.0) 29.0 (20.0-41.0) 27.0 (17.0-36.0) 29.0 (17.0-36.0)
AIS head score, median (IQR) 2.0 (0.0-4.0) 2.0 (0.0-5.0) 2.0 (0.0-3.0) 2.0 (0.0-3.0)
24-h Mortality 265 (18.5) 64 (16.8) 56 (15.8) 385 (17.8)
ICU length of stay, mean (SD), d 15.0 (21.2) 21.0 (20.7) 10.0 (16.1) 15 (19.0)
In-hospital mortality 547 (38.3) 115 (30.2) 108 (30.4) 770 (35.6)

Abbreviations: AIS, Abbreviated Injury Scale; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; ICU, intensive care unit; ISS, Injury Severity Score; RACSTC, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center; TRENAU, Trauma System of the Northern French Alps Emergency Network.

a

More than 10 units of packed red blood cells per 24 hours.