Figure 3.

(A) Comparing visual acuity of unadapted observers measured with flanked or isolated targets in Experiment 1 (error bars denote ±1 SEM). Mean acuity was slightly better with unflanked (isolated) compared to flanked targets, but the magnitude of this advantage was less than the acuity gains seen following adaptation. (B, C) Individual acuity change (for flanked targets) following adaptation to (B) receding and (C) looming motion plotted against individual susceptibility to crowding (flanked minus isolated acuity without adaptation). Shaded regions indicate a worsening of acuity following adaptation. Our results reveal modest foveal crowding and no associations between acuity change and susceptibility to crowding.