Table 3. Median scores of stigma scale and subscales among the respondents by basic characteristics.
| Variable | Category | Stigma | Enacted stigma | Disclosure concerns | Internalised stigma | Externalised stigma |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | ||
| Overall | 23 (21–26) | 5.5 (4–6) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) | 12 (10–13) | |
| Sex | Male | 22 (20.7–25) | 5 (4–6) | 2 (2–3) | 3 (3–5) | 11 (9–13) |
| Female | 24 (22–28) | 6 (5–6) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) | 12 (11–14) | |
| p-valueb | <0.001 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.023 | <0.001 | |
| Age | 18–39 years | 25 (22–27) | 6 (5–6) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) | 12 (11–13) |
| 40–59 years | 22 (21–25) | 5 (4–6) | 2 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) | 12 (10–13) | |
| 60+ years | 22 (20–24) | 5 (4–6) | 2 (2–4) | 3 (3–4) | 12 (10–13) | |
| p-valuec | <0.001 | 0.015 | 0.073 | 0.010 | 0.010 | |
| Marital status | Unmarried | 24.5 (21–27) | 6 (5–6) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) | 12 (11–13) |
| Married | 23 (21–26) | 5 (4–6) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) | 12 (10–13) | |
| Divorced/widowed | 22 (19.2–32) | 6 (6–7) | 2.5 (1.5–4.2) | 4.5 (1.5–6) | 11 (8.5–15) | |
| p-valuec | 0.269 | 0.078 | 0.687 | 0.431 | 0.534 | |
| Education | None/Primary education | 20.5 (20–26.2) | 4 (3–5.7) | 2 (2–3.7) | 3.5 (2–4.7) | 12 (10.2–14) |
| Secondary education | 22 (21–22) | 5 (3–6) | 2 (2–3) | 3 (3–4) | 11 (9–12) | |
| Higher secondary education | 23 (21–25.2) | 5 (4–6) | 3 (2–3.2) | 4 (3–5) | 12 (9–13) | |
| Bachelor’s and above | 23 (21–26) | 6 (5–6) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) | 12 (10–13) | |
| p-valuec | 0.026 | 0.009 | 0.411 | 0.319 | 0.112 | |
| Occupation | Service holder | 23 (21–26) | 6 (4–6) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) | 12 (10–13) |
| Housewife | 24 (21.7–29) | 6 (5–6.2) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) | 12 (11–14) | |
| Retired person | 22 (20–23) | 5 (4–6) | 2 (2–3) | 3 (3–4.5) | 11 (7–12) | |
| Businessmen | 22 (21–24.7) | 5 (4–6) | 2.5 (2–3) | 3 (3–5) | 12 (10.2–13) | |
| Health professional | 25 (22–28.7) | 6 (5–6) | 3 (2–4) | 4.5 (3–6) | 12.5 (11–14) | |
| Student | 24.0 (21–25) | 5 (5–6) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (3–5) | 12 (11–13) | |
| p-valuec | <0.001 | 0.029 | 0.482 | 0.056 | 0.004 | |
| Religion | Muslim | 23 (21–26) | 5 (4–6) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) | 12 (10–13) |
| Hindu | 22 (21–26) | 6 (4.5–6) | 3 (2–3) | 4 (3–5) | 11 (10–13) | |
| Buddhist | 23 (-----) | 6 (-----) | 3 (-----) | 4 (-----) | 10 (-----) | |
| p-valuec | 0.974 | 0.916 | 0.477 | 0.812 | 0.600 | |
| Monthly family income | <50,000 BDT | 22 (21–25.5) | 5 (4–6) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) | 12 (10–13) |
| 50,000–99,000 BDT | 24 (22–27) | 6 (5–6) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) | 12 (10–13) | |
| ≥100,000 BDT | 24.5 (21–27) | 6 (5–6) | 2 (2–3.7) | 4 (3–5) | 12 (11–13) | |
| p-valuec | 0.033 | 0.028 | 0.454 | 0.395 | 0.107 | |
| Hospitalisation status | Yes | 22 (20–24.7) | 5 (4–6) | 2 (2–3) | 4 (3–5) | 11 (9.2–13) |
| No | 24 (22–27) | 6 (5–6) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) | 12 (11–13) | |
| p-valueb | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.022 | 0.072 | <0.001 |
Notes:
b
Mann-Whitney U test.
c
Kruskal-Wallis test.
IQR, Interquartile range; (-----), IQRs were not obtained due to an inadequate number of observations.