Table 3.
Excluded articles (n = 30)
| Author/year | Design | Population | Aims/intervention | Outcomes | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Androdias 2011 [27] | Retrospective case-series |
CNS sarcoidosis/sarcoid myopathy (n = 10) Neurosarcoidosis |
Mycophenolate mofetil | Remission, relapse, clinical and radiological improvement, side effects | Wrong population |
| Banse 2013 [28] | Retrospective study | Joint manifestations of sarcoidosis | TNF inhibitors | Efficacy & safety | Abstract |
| Barnard 2001 [29] | Non-systematic review | Sarcoidosis | First line: corticosteroids. Alternatives: methotrexate, cyclosporin A, Azathioprine, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine + + | Not specified | Review |
| Bello 2014 [30] | Systematic review + case report | 12 different joint diseases | Intra-articular TNF inhibitors | Several |
Review Case report |
| Ben-Hassine 2019 [31] | Retrospective multi-center study | Sarcoidosis | Glucocorticoids, methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine | Several | Case–control |
| Crommelin 2015 [32] | Letter to editor | Joint involvement in sarcoidosis | Prednisone, NSAIDs, methotrexate | Not specified | Letter to editor |
| Glanowski 2018 [33] | Retrospective multi-center study | Sarcoidosis with bone involvement |
Prednisone n = 8 HCQ n= 8 MTX n = 5 |
Complete remission Partial remission |
Abstract |
| Hammam 2020 [9] | Registry study | Sarcoidosis | Several | Pharmacological treatments | No specific results for muskulo-skeletal sarcoidosis |
| Hassine 2018 [34] | Case–control | Sarcoidosis with bone manifestations |
Glucocorticoids (n = 63) MTC (n = 12) HCQ (n = 6 |
Thoracic and extra-thoracic lymph node, pulmonary, cutaneous involvement and hypercalcemia | Abstract |
| Hobbs 2005 [35] | N = 1 | Chronic sarcoid arthritis | Intra-articular etanercept | Pain, stiffness, physical disabilities associated with synovitis |
Abstract Case study Letter to editor |
| Huang 2011 [36] | N = 1 |
Skeletal and lymphoreticular sarcoidosis Polyarticular sarcoidosis |
High-dose corticosteroids and methotrexate + infliximab | Early morning stiffness, swollen and tender joint count, Health Assessment Questionnaire | Abstract |
| James 1976 [37] | Non-systematic review | Sarcoidosis with bone and joint involvement | Mainly about prevalence, prognosis and diagnostics | Several | Review |
| Johns 1986 [38] | Longitudinal study | Chronic sarcoidosis | Outcomes and complications after corticosteroid therapy | General prognosis | Not separate results for musculoskeletal manifestations |
| Khanna 2003 [39] | N = 1 | Chronic sarcoidosis arthropathy and lupus pernio | Etanercept | Morning stiffness, skin lesions, tenderness, radiograph | Case report |
| Madronal-Garcia [40] | Retrospective descriptive study | Sarcoidosis with joint manifestations | Corticosteroids/ immunosuppressants | Prognosis/ need of treatment | Abstract |
| Mana 2017 [41] | Case series | Sarcoidosis | Corticosteroids, steroid-sparing agents | Prognosis | No specific results for muskulo-skeletal sarcoidosis |
| Martin Varillas 2019 [42] | Retrospective cohort | Sarcoidosis (systemic) sarcoidosis | TNF inhibitors | Several | Abstract |
| Mathur 1993 [43] | Non-systematic review | Acute and chronic sarcoidosis | NSAIDs, prednisone, ketoconazole, deflazacort, chloroquine | Hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria | Review |
| Medici 1977 [44] | Retrospective cohort study | Löfgren’s syndrome | To determine whether steroid therapy affects the course and prognosis | Duration of acute illness, side effects | Abstract |
| Neville 1983 [45] | Retrospective cohort study | Histologically proven sarcoidosis | To provide a prognostic index for each clinical manifestation of sarcoidosis | Chest resolution and sarcoidosis remission in 2 years | No information of treatments received |
| Oshagbemi 2017 [46] | National Registry study | Sarcoidosis | Oral glucocorticoids | Osteoporotic fractures | Case–control |
| Patil 2018 [47] | Retrospective study |
Musculo-skeletal Sarcoidosis (14.8% Lofgren + chronic arthritis + osseous myopathy) |
Prednisone methotrexate, TNF inhibitors | Prevalence of sarcoidosis/use of drugs | Abstract |
| Retamozo 2019 [48] | National registry study | Musculo-skeletal sarcoidosis | Glucocorticoids/ immunosuppressive agents | Clinical presentations | Abstract |
| Rubio-Rivas 2019 [49] | Retrospective cohort study | Sarcoidosis | To compare young and old patients | Clinical features and prognosis | No specific results for muskulo-skeletal sarcoidosis |
| Rubio-Rivas 2020 [5] | Retrospective cohort study | Sarcoidosis | To compare patients with and without Löfgren’s syndrome | Epidemiological, clinical, radiological and prognostic features | No specific results for muskulo-skeletal sarcoidosis |
| Russell 2013 [50] | One group before-after study | Multi-organ sarcoidosis (pulmonary and non-pulmonary) | Infliximab | Disease activity, adverse events | No specific results for muskulo-skeletal sarcoidosis |
| Schmajuk 2019 [51] | National registry study | Sarcoidosis | Several | Medication use | Abstract |
| Somayeh 2019 [52] |
Non-systematic narrative review |
Musculo-skeletal manifestations |
(1)NSAIDS, Corticoids (2)Methotrexate, stereohydroxychloroquine, azathioprine, leflunomide (3)TNF inhibitors |
Not specified | Review |
| Tejera Segura 2014 [53] | Retrospective case series | Löfgren’s syndrome | (4)Describe clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome | Subdiagnostics, biopsies, treatments | Language |
| Zhou 2017 [54] | Medical record review | Bone sarcoidosis | Infliximab | Clinical characteristics | Case–control |