Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients.
| Parameters | Patients (N = 171) |
|---|---|
| Demographics | |
| Median age at ASCT in years (range) | 59 (23–74) |
| Gender: Female | 84 (49%) |
| Race or ethnic group | |
| White | 153 (89%) |
| African American | 6 (4%) |
| Asian | 4 (2%) |
| Hispanic | 5 (3%) |
| Arab | 1 (0.6%) |
| Unknown | 2 (0.9%) |
| Disease characteristics | |
| MM isotype | |
| IgG | 93 (54%) |
| IgA | 47 (27%) |
| IgD | 1 (0.6%) |
| LC myeloma | 29 (17%) |
| Non-secretory myeloma | 1 (0.6%) |
| Status at BMT | |
| sCR | 24 (14) |
| CR | 22 (13%) |
| VGPR | 65 (38%) |
| PR | 56 (33%) |
| SD | 3 (2%) |
| Refractory | 1 (0.6%) |
| DS stage | |
| I | 31 (18%) |
| II | 27 (16%) |
| III | 103 (60%) |
| Unknown | 10 (6%) |
| ISS stage | |
| I | 60 (35%) |
| II | 60 (35%) |
| III | 38 (22%) |
| Unknown | 13 (8%) |
| High-risk cytogenetics | |
| Yes | 47 (27%) |
| No | 112 (65%) |
| Unknown | 12 (7%) |
| Status at ASCT | |
| Newly diagnosed | 142 (83%) |
| Second remission | 18 (11%) |
| Third remission | 1 (0.6%) |
| Relapsed, refractory | 10 (6%) |
| Treatment prior to transplant | |
| Steroid | 171 (100%) |
| + PI only | 4 (2%) |
| + IMiD only | 1 (0.6%) |
| + PI + IMiD | 118 (69%) |
| + PI + cytotoxic drug | 9 (5%) |
| + PI + IMiD + cytotoxic drug | 36 (21%) |
| + PI + IMiD + HDACi | 2 (1%) |
| + PI + IMiD + cytotoxic drug + HDACi | 1 (0.6%) |
| Total number that received bortezomib | 169 (99%) |
| Median number of bortezomib doses (Range) | 24 (3–141) |
| Bortezomib dose reduced or discontinued due to toxicity | 15 (9%) |
| Mobilization regimen | |
| Cyclophosphamide | 146 (85%) |
| Plerixafor | 32 (19%) |
| GCS-F | 5 (3%) |
| Comorbidities | |
| Sensory peripheral neuropathy | 131 (77%) |
| Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus | 18 (11%) |
| Diastolic dysfunction of the heart | 30 (18%) |
| LVEF<55% | 10 (6%) |
| IV septum ≥ 12 mm | 49 (29%) |
| Pertinent outpatient medications | |
| Antihypertensives | 79 (46%) |
| ACEi/ARB | 38 (22%) |
| α-blockers | 1 (0.6%) |
| β-blockers | 38 (22%) |
| Calcium channel blockers | 23 (13%) |
| Diuretics | 17 (10%) |
| α-agonists | 3 (2%) |
| Nitrates | 1 (0.6%) |
| Antihistamines | 18 (11%) |
| 1st-generation | 6 (4%) |
| 2nd-generation | 12 (7%) |
| Gabapentin | 45 (26%) |
| Proton pump inhibitors | 78 (46%) |
The table outlines demographic and disease characteristics of patients included in the analysis. Treatment received prior to ASCT, underlying comorbidities, and pertinent outpatient medications are also reported.
Abbreviations: ACEi: angiontensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; ASCT: autologous stem cell transplant; CR: complete response; DS stage: Durie-Salmon stage; G-CSF: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; HDACi: histone deacetylase inhibitor; IMiD: immunomodulatory drug; ISS stage: International staging system; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; MM: multiple myeloma; PR: partial response; PI: Proteasome inhibitor; sCR: stringent complete response; SD: stable disease; VGPR: very good partial response.