Table 1.

Summary of Studies Included in the Meta-Analysis.

Study ID	Author(s)	Effect size (r)	Total N	Population	Data source	Cognitive ability measure(s)	Economic ideology measure	No. of items in ideology measure(s)
1	Caplan & Miller (2010)	.06	2,373	American adults	GSS	Wordsum	Operational	17
2	Carl (2014)	.21	1,247	American adults	GSS	Wordsum	Operational	6
3	Carl (2015)	.12	5,394	American adults	ANES 2012	Wordsum	Operational	24
4	Choma et al. (2019)—Study 1	−.06	455	American adults	MTurk	Objective Numeracy Scale	Symbolic	1
5	Choma et al. (2019)—Study 2	−.06	406	American adults	MTurk	Objective Numeracy Scale	Symbolic	1
6	Cor et al. (2012)	.21	3,519	American adults	Mixed	Wordsum	Operational	1
7	Ganzach (2018)—Study 1	.16	4,515	American adults	GSS	Wordsum	Operational	3
8	Ganzach (2018)—Study 2	−.03	3,841	American adults	NLSYC	PPVT	Operational	1
	GSSa	.10	2,373	American adults	GSS	Wordsum	Operational	30
9	Johnston (2018)	.02	3,396	American adults	ANES 2016	Wordsum	Operational	14
10	Kanazawa (2010)—Study 2	.20	5,827	American adults	GSS	Wordsum	Operational	2
11	Kemmelmeier (2008)—Study 1	−.02	4,901	American students	CIRP	SAT, ACT	Operational	1
12	Kirkegaard et al. (2017)	.07	259	Danish adults	Online Panel	ICAR-5	Operational	10
13	Lewis & Bates (2018)—BCS 1970	.19	6,736	British children/adults	BCS70	British ability scales	Operational	6
14	Lewis & Bates (2018)—NCDS 1958	.25	8,961	British children/adults	NCDS58	General ability test	Operational	6
15	Mollerstrom & Seim (2014)	.25	271	Swedish adult men	Statistics Sweden	Swedish military test	Operational	1
16	Nilsson et al. (2019)	.10	985	Swedish adults	Online Panel	Numeracy	Symbolic	1
17	Oskarsson et al. (2015)	.21	1,946	Swedish adult men	SALTY	SALTY, Swedish military test	Operational	8
18	Pennycook et al. (2014)	−.05	505	American adults	MTurk	Numeracy, Wordsum	Symbolic	1
19	Rasmussen (2016)—Study 1	.00	948	Danish adults	Danish Draftee Sample	BPP	Operational	3
20	Rasmussen (2016)—Study 2	.06	1,408	American adults	MTurk	ICAR	Operational	3
21	Saribay & Yilmaz (2017)	−.05	376	American adults	MTurk	Wordsum, Base-rate neutral problems	Mixed	6
22	Sterling et al. (2016)	−.13	163	American adults	MTurk	Wordsum, Numeracy, RAPM	Mixed	6
23	Yilmaz & Saribay (2016)—Study 2	.03	403	Turkish students	Psychology course	Cognitive ability test	Operational	16

Note. GSS = General Social Survey; ANES = American National Election Study; MTurk = Amazon Mechanical Turk; NLSYC = National Longitudinal Study–Children; CIRP = Cooperative Institutional Research Program; BCS70 = British Cohort Study 1979; NCDS58 = National Child Development Study 1958; SALTY = Screening across the Life-span Twin [Younger] cohort study.

^aTo maintain the statistical independence of the studies that relied on data from the GSS (Caplan & Miller, 2010; Carl, 2014; Ganzach, 2018, Study 1; Kanazawa, 2010, Study 2), we reanalyzed the original data and included the four studies as a joint study in our meta-analysis.