Table 1.
Summary of variants identified by notable GWAS on various sleep traits
| Sleep trait | Sample Cohort | No. of cases/no. of controls | Significant variant (SNP) | Associated gene | Odds ratio | P | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Restless leg syndrome | Icelandic American | 429/16 866 188/662 |
rs3923809 | BTBD9 | 1.7* 1.5 |
3 × 10−14† 0.004 |
[10] |
| European | 400/1600 | rs3923809 rs2300478 rs6494696 |
BTBD9
MEIS1 MAP2K5 and LBXCOR1 |
0.58 1.74* 1.52* |
0.024† 8.08 × 10−23† 4.74 × 10−11† |
[11] | |
| Mixed European | 15 126/95 725 | rs113851554 | MEIS1 | 1.92* | 2 × 10−280† | [12] | |
| Caucasian | 10 257/470 725 | rs10068599 rs112716420 rs10769894 |
RANBP17
MICALL2 11p15.4 |
1.09 1.25 0.9 |
6.9 × 10−10 1.5 × 10−18 9.4 × 10−14, |
[13] | |
| Asian | 264/1383 (with migraine) 1053 (normal with no migraine or RLS) |
rs79823654 rs6021854 |
CCDC141
VSTM2L |
2.1* 1,84* |
5.81 × 10–6† 4.63 × 10–7† |
[14] | |
| Periodic limb movements (PLMS) | American | 6843 | rs113851554 rs9369062 |
MEIS1
BTBD9 |
N/A N/A |
3.51 × 10−12 3.06 × 10−22 |
[15] |
| Narcolepsy | Japanese Korean European African American |
222/389 159/190 115/309 388/397 86/98 |
rs5770917 | CPT1B or CHKB | 1.74 1.97 1.4 1.33 1.86 |
1.4 × 10−4 5.2 × 10−4 0.03 0.12 0.14 |
[16] |
| Mixed European Caucasian Asian (Japanese + Koreans) African American |
807/1074 363/355 433/433 + 128/172 133/144 |
rs1154155 | TCRA | 1.87 1.8 1.54 1.31 |
1.9 × 10−13† 3.67 × 10−5 2.3 × 10−7 0.39 |
[17] | |
| European | 1886/10 421 | rs1154155 rs34593439 rs7553711 |
TCRA
CTSH TNFSF4 |
1.72 1.34 1.33 |
8.87 × 10−30 1.78 × 10−8 4.08 × 10−8 |
[18] | |
| Chinese | 1189/1997 | rs1154155 rs1551570 rs2854536 rs2834188 rs10995245 |
TCRA
P2RY11 TCRB IL10RB-INFAR1 ZNF365 |
1.64* 0.76* 0.78* 0.77* 1.23* |
5.02 × 10−49 3.77 × 10−10 3.87 × 10−8 1.95 × 10−8 1.24 × 10−11 |
[19] | |
| Mixed European | 1099 | rs12425451 | TEAD4 | N/A | 1.9 × 10−7 | [20] | |
| European Chinese African American |
807/1074 1078/1903 249/1048 |
rs3826784 | EIF3G | 0.77 0.77 0.87 |
1 × 10−4 1.47 × 10−5 0.19 |
[21] | |
| Sleep duration | UK Biobank | 127 573 | rs62158211 rs17190618 rs1380703 |
PAX8
VRK2 VRK2 |
0.94 0.96 1.06 |
4 × 10−9 0.001 0.01 |
[22] |
| UK biobank 23andMe |
111 975 | rs62158211 | PAX8 | 0.039 | 4.72 × 10−14 | [23] | |
| Excessive daytime sleepiness | UK biobank 23andMe |
111 648 | rs73536079 |
AR/OPHN1
ROBO1 ‡ TMEM132B § |
0.634 0.099 0.106 |
3.94 × 10−8 3.33 × 10−8 9.06 × 10−9 |
[23] |
| Insomnia | UK biobank 23andMe |
31 767/26 935 | rs113851554 rs145258459 rs5922858 rs13192566 rs3792900 |
MEIS1
TMEM132E CYCL1 WDR27 ‖ TGFBI ¶ |
1.26 1.23 1.12 1.14 1.10 |
9.11 × 10−19 2.13 × 10−8 1.28 × 10−8 3.17 × 10−8 2.16 × 10−8 |
[23] |
| Snoring | UK Biobank | 152 000/256 000 | rs592333 | DLEU7 | N/A | 1 × 10−17 | [24] |
| Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) | FinnGen study | 16 761 | rs9937053 rs10507084 rs185932673 rs4837016 rs10928560 |
FTO
RMST/NEDD1 CAMK1D GAPVD1 CXCR4 |
1.11 1.11 1.12# 1.87 0.93 0.92 |
4.3 × 10−16 2.8 × 10−11 9.7 × 10−10Ψ 2.4 × 10−8 1.5 × 10−8 2.8 × 10−8 |
[25] |
* Odds ratio combined (different groups/stages).
† p Value after correcting for multiple testing.
‡ Significant after adjusting for depression.
§ Significant after adjusting for BMI.
‖ Significant only in men after adjusting for sex.
¶ Significant only in women after adjusting for sex.
# Values after adjusting for BMI.