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. 2022 Sep 26;9:956293. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.956293

Table 5.

Factors associated with food habits in rural population.

Family size Mother's education level Father's education level Socio–economic status
OR 95% CI p-value OR 95% CI p-value OR 95% CI p-value OR 95% CI p-value
OR 95% CI p-value OR 95% CI p-value OR 95% CI p-value OR 95% CI p-value
Consumed bread Traditional flat breads Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
Home–made 1.01 0.95–1.05 0.916 0.83 0.77–0.88 0.001* 0.82 0.77–0.88 0.001* 0.88 0.72–1.01 0.058
Milk and dairy Low fat Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
High fat 1.07 1.02–1.12 0.005* 1.00 0.94–1.06 0.998 0.94 0.87–1.02 0.057 0.94 0.82–1.07 0.367
Methods of food preparation Not fried Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
Fried 1.14 1.09–1.20 0.001* 1.02 0.96–1.09 0.487 1.04 0.97–1.11 0.283 0.80 0.70–0.91 0.001*
Iodized salt No Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
Yes 0.94 0.82–1.08 0.427 1.39 1.11–1.75 0.004* 1.56 1.23–1.98 0.001* 1.35 0.89–2.05 0.150
Salt storage method Undesirable Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
Optimal 0.95 0.91–1.01 0.113 1.12 1.03–1.19 0.006* 1.06 0.99–1.15 0.083 1.01 0.87–1.17 0.916
Adding salt at the table No Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
Yes 1.05 1.01–1.11 0.034* 0.90 0.84–0.96 0.003* 0.89 0.84–0.96 0.003* 1.02 0.88–1.17 0.824
Add salt before tasting food No Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
Yes 1.07 1.01–1.15 0.033* 0.95 0.86–1.04 0.264 0.93 0.85–1.02 0.146 1.13 0.93–1.36 0.208
Eating out No Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
Yes 1.11 1.05–1.17 0.001* 1.41 1.31–1.51 0.001* 1.31 1.22–1.41 0.001* 1.76 1.51–2.04 0.001*
Fast food usage No Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
Yes 1.20 1.13–1.28 0.001* 1.26 1.15–1.37 0.001* 1.19 1.08–1.31 0.001* 1.44 1.19–1.73 0.001*

*Significant at 0.05 level; CI confidence interval.