3. Dynamic splinting versus delayed or none.

Study	Design	Intervention	Comparator
Bergo 2013	Cross‐sectional study	Early splinting (Frejka pillow)	Late splinting
Gardiner 1990	Quasi‐RCT	Immediate splinting Sonographic surveillance for 2 weeks	Control
Kim 2019	Prospective	Pavlik	Observed
Laborie 2014	Observational	Abduction splint (Frejka splint): persistent dislocated or dislocatable	Watchful waiting: clinically or ultrasound unstable but not dislocatable hips
Larson 2019	Reterospective	Pavlik harness	Groups were divided based on the age at which the Pavlik harness was initiated: group 1 = < 30 days; group 2 = 30 to 60 days; group 3 = > 60 days
Murphy 2017	Reterospective	Pavlik harness	Followed up without treatment
Paton 2004	Prospective	Early splinting (Pavlik)	Follow up with ultrasound
Pollett 2020	RCT	Pavlik harness	Active surveillance
Reikerås 2002	Babies 'divided' into 2 groups	Frejkas pillow for 16 weeks	Untreated
Rosendahl 2010	RCT	Immediate abduction splinting for at least 6 weeks (Frejka pillow splint with sonographic follow up)	Active sonographic surveillance but no treatment for 6 weeks
Sucato 1999	Reterospective review (observational)	Pavlik (chosen at the discretion of the treating physician)	No treatment
Wilkinson 2002	Retrospective	Pavlik	Not splinted
Wood 2000	RCT	Pavlik	No splint

RCT: Randomised controlled trial