Ran 2020.

Study characteristics
Methods	Design: retrospective cohort Unit of randomization: baby
Participants	Location/Setting: single centre; France Sample size: 142 in total but only 64 included (76 hips) Number of withdrawals/dropouts: 45 did not have complete follow‐up, 19 had genetic/neuromuscular disease, 14 < 2 years follow‐up Sex: 16 boys; 48 girls Mean age: 98.5 (SD 40.6) days, range 1–180 (Pavlik = 96.9 (SD 39.9) days, Tubingen 99.9 (SD 41.8) days Graf: Pavlik: 9 type IIc, 13 type IIc, 2 type IId, 1 type III, 8 type 8. Tubingen: 18 type IIb, 10 type IIc, 0 type IId, 1 type III, 14 type IV Inclusion criteria: aged 6 months or younger at diagnosis; diagnosed with DDH; Graf grade IIb, IIc, IId, III, or IV as per ultrasound examination; treatment by Pavlik harness or Tübingen hip flexion splint; a minimum follow‐up of at least 2 years and complete radiographic and clinical data; Graf Grading by Ultrasound plus complete radiographical and clinical examination Exclusion criteria: incomplete clinical and radiological data; the presence of genetic or neuromuscular disease; and a follow‐up of less than 2 years
Interventions	Intervention (sample size): Pavlik (n = 30; 33 hips) Intervention 2 (sample size): Tubigen (n = 34; 43 hips)
Outcomes	Primary outcome(s): measurement of acetabular index, as determined by radiographs (angle) Secondary outcome(s): need for operative intervention to achieve reduction; avascular necrosis; femoral nerve palsy Timing of outcome assessment: 2 years
Notes	Study start date: 2014 Study end date: 2017 Funding source: not stated Conflicts of interest: no conflicts of interest Comment(s): none