Table 1. Example specific credibility-related considerations for patient-specific models as clinical tools.

Acronyms: UQ–uncertainty quantification; QOI–quantity of interest; COU–context of use; BZ–border zone.

#	Credibility assessment activity	PSM feature	Specific PSM-CT consideration
1	Verification		What is (expected) numerical error for a new patient in the intended patient population given the chosen mesh resolution?
2	Verification		If there is a remote operator who will do some manual tasks (e.g., in image segmentation or running simulations), what are the potential errors due to intra- or inter-operator variability?
3	Validation		If validation involved a clinical study with an intermediate QOI (see text)–what is the relationship between the intermediate QOI and COU QOI?
4	Validation		If ‘personalized model validation’, that is, validation for each new patient—how relevant are the validation QOIs to the COU QOIs?
5	UQ–model form	Tissue model	Is model form appropriate for all new patients in the intended patient population? Are there sub-populations the tissue model may not adequately represent?
6	UQ–model form	Cell model	Is the cell model appropriate for all patients in intended patient population? Are there sub-populations the cell model may not adequately represent?
7	UQ–personalized parameters	Heart shape	What is the potential error in the personalized heart shape for a new patient and what is the resultant impact on the tool outputs?
8	UQ–personalized parameters	BZ & scar	What is the potential error in the personalized BZ/scar for a new patient and what is the resultant impact on the tool outputs?
10	UQ–personalized parameters	Fibers	If a rule-based method was used—what is the potential error in specified fibers for a new patient and what is the impact on tool outputs?
11	UQ–personalized parameters	Cell model	For personalized cell model parameters—what is the potential error in the personalized values of these parameters for a new patient and what is the resultant impact on the tool outputs?
12	UQ–non- personalized parameters	Conductivity	If a fixed (not personalized) conductivity is used—are the tool outputs insensitive to population variability or other uncertainties in conductivity?
13	UQ–non-personalized parameters	Cell model	For fixed (not personalized) cell model parameters—are the tool outputs insensitive to population variability or other uncertainties in these parameters?