Table 5.
Association between healthy lifestyle score and the risk of hypertension and T2DM according to different dyslipidemia definitions.
| Healthy lifestyle score | Hypertension | T2DM | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N* | OR (95% CI) | N* | OR (95% CI) | |||||
| Non-case group | Case group | Crude OR | Adjusted OR† | Non-case group | Case group | Crude OR | Adjusted OR† | |
| Self-reported physician-diagnosed dyslipidemia | ||||||||
| 0–2 | 74 | 154 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 165 | 63 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 3 | 174 | 373 | 1.03 (0.74, 1.43) | 0.94 (0.65, 1.35) | 406 | 141 | 0.91 (0.64, 1.29) | 0.83 (0.58, 1.20) |
| 4 | 397 | 603 | 0.73 (0.54, 0.99) | 0.67 (0.47, 0.96) | 752 | 248 | 0.86 (0.63, 1.20) | 0.80 (0.56, 1.15) |
| 5 | 315 | 273 | 0.42 (0.30, 0.57) | 0.39 (0.27, 0.58) | 468 | 120 | 0.67 (0.47, 0.96) | 0.65 (0.44, 0.98) |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.036 | ||||
| Every 1-point increment | 0.70 (0.64, 0.77) | 0.70 (0.62, 0.78) | 0.70 (0.64, 0.77) | 0.88 (0.78, 0.99) | ||||
| Serum cholesterol ≥5.2 mmol/L | ||||||||
| 0–2 | 349 | 414 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 633 | 130 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 3 | 796 | 829 | 0.88 (0.74, 1.04) | 0.86 (0.70, 1.04) | 1,375 | 250 | 0.89 (0.70, 1.12) | 0.86 (0.67, 1.10) |
| 4 | 1,496 | 1,337 | 0.75 (0.64, 0.88) | 0.69 (0.57, 0.84) | 1,372 | 461 | 0.95 (0.77, 1.18) | 0.90 (0.71, 1.15) |
| 5 | 1,080 | 643 | 0.50 (0.42, 0.60) | 0.49 (0.40, 0.61) | 1,513 | 210 | 0.68 (0.53, 0.86) | 0.67 (0.51, 0.87) |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.006 | ||||
| Every 1-point increment | 0.79 (0.75, 0.83) | 0.78 (0.73, 0.83) | 0.79 (0.75, 0.83) | 0.89 (0.82, 0.97) | ||||
| Serum LDL-C ≥3.4 mmol/L | ||||||||
| 0–2 | 355 | 423 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 650 | 128 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 3 | 811 | 843 | 0.87 (0.74, 1.03) | 0.85 (0.70, 1.03) | 1,405 | 249 | 0.90 (0.71, 1.14) | 0.85 (0.67, 1.09) |
| 4 | 1,470 | 1,314 | 0.75 (0.64, 0.88) | 0.67 (0.55, 0.81) | 2,347 | 437 | 0.95 (0.76, 1.18) | 0.86 (0.68, 1.10) |
| 5 | 1,041 | 605 | 0.49 (0.41, 0.58) | 0.46 (0.37, 0.57) | 1,439 | 207 | 0.73 (0.58, 0.93) | 0.69 (0.52, 0.90) |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.011 | ||||
| Every 1-point increment | 0.79 (0.75, 0.83) | 0.77 (0.72, 0.82) | 0.79 (0.75, 0.83) | 0.90 (0.83, 0.98) | ||||
| Serum HDL-C < 1.0 mmol/L | ||||||||
| 0–2 | 87 | 125 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 166 | 46 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 3 | 141 | 143 | 0.71 (0.49, 1.01) | 0.60 (0.40, 0.89) | 221 | 63 | 1.03 (0.67, 1.59) | 0.93 (0.59, 1.47) |
| 4 | 191 | 187 | 0.68 (0.48, 0.96) | 0.55 (0.36, 0.83) | 288 | 90 | 1.13 (0.76, 1.70) | 0.94 (0.59, 1.51) |
| 5 | 88 | 61 | 0.48 (0.31, 0.74) | 0.35 (0.20, 0.59) | 120 | 29 | 0.87 (0.51, 1.46) | 0.71 (0.39, 1.29) |
| P for trend | 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.352 | ||||
| Every 1-point increment | 0.81 (0.72, 0.92) | 0.73 (0.62, 0.87) | 0.81 (0.72, 0.92) | 0.92 (0.76, 1.10) | ||||
| Serum Triglyceride ≥1.7 mmol/L | ||||||||
| 0–2 | 264 | 345 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 485 | 124 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 3 | 479 | 549 | 0.88 (0.72, 1.07) | 0.80 (0.64, 1.01) | 816 | 212 | 1.02 (0.79, 1.31) | 0.97 (0.75, 1.27) |
| 4 | 741 | 848 | 0.88 (0.73, 1.06) | 0.78 (0.62, 0.98) | 1,251 | 338 | 1.06 (0.84, 1.33) | 1.00 (0.77, 1.30) |
| 5 | 453 | 326 | 0.55 (0.44, 0.68) | 0.49 (0.37, 0.64) | 636 | 143 | 0.88 (0.67, 1.15) | 0.84 (0.62, 1.14) |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.319 | ||||
| Every 1-point increment | 0.84 (0.79, 0.90) | 0.81 (0.75, 0.88) | 0.84 (0.79, 0.90) | 0.95 (0.87, 1.05) | ||||
HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus. *N represents sample size for non- case group or for case group. †Adjustment for age, sex, education, marital status, retirement status, and T2DM (for the association with hypertension) or hypertension (for the association with T2DM).