Skip to main content
. 2022 Sep 27;14(18):7206–7222. doi: 10.18632/aging.204264

Table 3. Biological age obtained from the deep neural network predictor was regressed as a function of chronological age and additional features to estimate their effect on the pace of aging.

Type Variable Coefficient Standard deviation (σ)
Demographic Chronological age, years 0.49 0.00
Is male 0.42 0.02
Social Is married −0.59 0.04
Is widowed 0.27 0.09
Is rural 0.39 0.01
Psychological Rarely bothered by things 0.09 0.03
Rarely lacks focus −0.05 0.02
Rarely depressed −0.09 0.02
Rarely hopeful 0.28 0.01
Rarely fearful −0.29 0.02
Restless sleep is rare −0.44 0.01
Rarely feels happy 0.35 0.02
Rarely feels lonely 0.05 0.03
Smoking Currently smoking 1.25 0.02
Intercept 28.37 0.02
Metrics
MAPE (CV), % 7.57
MAPE (Test), % 6.37
MAE (CV), years 4.18
MAE (Test), years 4.09
N (CV), people 4846
N (Test), people 4451

All variables, except for chronological age, are binary. All coefficients, except for “Is widowed”, are significant within 3σ, as estimated with ten random cross-validation splits. Abbreviations: CV: cross-validation; MAE: mean absolute error; MAPE: mean absolute percentage error.