Table 2:
Preoperative clinical and imagery characteristics of all patients
| Preoperative data | N = 524 |
|---|---|
| Mean age (years) | 53.1 [15.2] |
| Age range (years) | (14–83) |
| Men | 426 (81.3) |
| Body Surface Area | 2.0 [0.2] |
| Comorbidities | |
| Hypertension | 292 (55.7) |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 145 (27.7) |
| Connective tissue disorder, Marfan | 86 (16.5) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 46 (8.8) |
| Diabetes | 34 (6.5) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 15 (2.9) |
| Peripheral vascular disease symptomatic or operated | 8 (1.5) |
| Pacemaker | 4 (0.8) |
| Renal failure on hemodialysis | 1 (0.2) |
| Previous cardiac surgery | 12 (2.3) |
| Type A acute aortic dissection | 68 (13) |
| Timing of surgery: urgent/emergency | 80 (15.3) |
| New York Heart Association functional class | |
| I | 291 (55.5) |
| II | 164 (31.3) |
| III | 50 (9.5) |
| IV | 19 (3.6) |
| LVEF | 61.2 [7.9] |
| LVEF >50% | 463 (88.7) |
| LVEF 30–50% | 56 (10.7) |
| LVEF <30% | 3 (0.6) |
| Mean LVEDD (mm) | 57.8 [8.2] |
| Grade of aortic regurgitation | |
| None | 80 (15.3) |
| 1 | 101 (19.3) |
| 2 | 147 (28.2) |
| 3 | 128 (24.5) |
| 4 | 66 (12.6) |
| Bicuspid aortic valve | 37 (7.3) |
| Type 0 | 12 (36.4) |
| Type 1 | 21 (63.6) |
| Mitral regurgitation, grade ≥2+ | 49 (9.3) |
| Sinus of Valsalva, mean dimension (mm) | 51.5 [7.6] |
| Ascending aorta, mean dimension (mm) | 47 [11.4] |
Values are expressed as mean [SD] or frequency (%).
LVEDD: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; SD: standard deviation.