. 2022 Oct 8;12:100315. doi: 10.1016/j.resplu.2022.100315

Table 1.

Characteristics of the studies included in the analysis.

Author/Publication	Study Period	Study Design	Inclusion Criteria	Exclusion Criteria	Initial Rhythms	Outcomes Available	Comparison
Stueven 1983⁵	1980	Retrospective Observational Cohort	OHCA patients with non-shockable rhythms	Traumatic arrest and poisoning	Asystole and PEA	ROSC, survival to discharge	Calcium versus standard care
Stueven 1985 (Asystole)⁸	1982–1983	Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial	OHCA patients in asystole after epinephrine, bicarbonate and atropine	Clinical indications for calcium, traumatic arrest, poisoning and pediatric patients	All	ROSC, survival to discharge	Calcium versus placebo
Stueven 1985 (PEA)⁷	1982–1983	Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial	OHCA patients in PEA after epinephrine and bicarbonate	Clinical indications for calcium, traumatic arrest, poisoning and pediatric patients	All	ROSC, survival to discharge	Calcium versus placebo
Stempien 1986²⁵	1983–1984	Retrospective Observational Cohort	OHCA patients only	No exclusion criteria available	Asystole and PEA	“Survival” (presumed ROSC)	Calcium versus standard care
George 1987²²	1985	Prospective Observational Cohort	IHCA	No exclusion criteria available	Asystole and PEA	ROSC and survival to discharge	Calcium versus standard care
Stiell 1995²⁴	1989–1992	Post-hoc analysis of previous Randomized Clinical Trial	IHCA and OHCA patients with time to CPR available	<16-years-old, terminal illness, more than 15 minutes to initiate CPR and trauma	All	ROSC, survival to discharge	Calcium and multiple other drugs during cardiac arrest
van Walraven 1998²³	1989–1992	Post-hoc analysis of previous Randomized Clinical Trial	IHCA	< 16-year-old, terminal illness, > 15 min to CPR, trauma, sternotomy, arrest in the OR, delivery or recovery rooms and all OHCA	All Rhythms	ROSC	Calcium and multiple other drugs during cardiac arrest
Snipilesky 2016²¹	2008–2014	Retrospective Observational Cohort	Index IHCA	Patients who received uncommon combination of medications during the arrest	All Rhythms	ROSC	Calcium and multiple other drugs during cardiac arrest
Wang 2016¹⁰	2006–2012	Retrospective Observational Cohort	Index IHCA adult patients with hyperkalemia > 6.5 mEq/L collected during cardiac arrest	Traumatic cardiac arrest	All Rhythms	ROSC, survival to discharge, neurologic outcome at discharge	Calcium, sodium bicarbonate and none
Vallentin 2021¹¹	2020–2021	Double Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial	OHCA, older than 18 years-old who received at least one dose of epinephrine	Traumatic cardiac arrest, pregnancy, clinical indication for calcium, enrollment in other trial, received epinephrine outside of the trial	All Rhythms	ROSC, survival 30 days and 90 days, neurologic outcomes in 30 and 90 days	Calcium versus placebo

OHCA = out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; PEA = pulseless electrical activity; ROSC = return of spontaneous circulation; IHCA = intra-hospital cardiac arrest; CPR = cardiopulmonary resuscitation; OR = Operation room.