Table 2.
Characteristics of the study population among studies included in the analysis.
| Author/ Year of Publication | N (Ca/No Ca) | Age (YEARS) (MEAN ± SD) | Sex M/F (%) | Location OHCA/IHCA (%) | Rhythm S/NS (%) | Bystander or EMS witnessed (%) | Time to ACLS Minutes (mean ± SD or median, IQR) | Duration of ACLS (min) | Calcium Dose | Mean time to calcium¥ (Minutes, IQR) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stueven 19835 | 42/168 | 66 ± 15 | 65/35 | 100/0 | 0/100 | 47 | NA | 30 | NA | 19 and 23* |
| Stueven 1985 (Asystole)8 | 39/34 | 65 ± 13 | 71/29 | 100/0 | 24.7/75.3 | 44 | Ca 6.2 ± 4.9 Pl 6.6 ± 5.6 |
NA | CaCl2 500 mg | NA |
| Stueven 1985 (PEA)7 | 48/42 | 69 ± 13 | 63/37 | 100/0 | 34.4/64.5 | 61 | Ca 4.3 ± 5.5 Pl 4.6 ± 4.8 |
NA | CaCl2 500 mg | NA |
| Stempien 198625 | 93/17 | NA | NA | 100/0 | 0/100 | NA | NA | NA | CaCl2 1000 mg |
NA |
| George 198722 | 69/61 | NA | NA | 0/100 | NA | NA | NA | Ca 38.8 No Ca 18.4 |
NA | NA |
| Stiell 199524 | 29/500 | 66 ± 13 | 66/34 | 46/54 | 32/68 | 83 | NA | NA | NA | 0.4 to 0.9⁰ |
| van Walraven 199823 | 105/668 | 68.5 ± 14 | 57/43 | 0/100 | 32/68 | 80 | 1.4 | NA | NA | NA |
| Snipilesky 201621 | 34/60 | 65 ± 11 | 53/47 | 0/100 | 8/92 | NA | 0 | Ca 23.1 No Ca 16.2 |
0–6 g | NA |
| Wang 201610 | 61/48 | 64.5 ± 17 | 58/42 | 0/100 | 7/93 | 68 | NA | NA | NA | 16.9 |
| Vallentin 202111 | 193/198 | 68 ± 14 | 71/29 | 100/0 | 25/75 | 59 | Ca 8 (4,12)└ Pl 8 (5,13)└ |
NA | CaCl2 735 mg |
17 (13,23) |
Ca = Calcium; SD = Standard Deviation; EMS = Emergency Medical Service; M = Male; F = Female; OHCA = Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; IHCA = Intra-hospital cardiac arrest; S = Shockable; NS = Non-shockable; ACLS = Advanced Cardiac Life Support; NA = Not available; Pl = Placebo.
¥Mean time to calcium administration from the cardiac arrest onset.
*19 minutes for asystole and 23 minutes for pulseless electrical activity.
⁰Mean time to calcium after ACLS onset. The study did not provide the mean time to calcium from the cardiac arrest onset.
└Time to ambulance arrival (the study did not provide time to ACLS).