Table 1.
Beta diversity set-significance analysis. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) results are shown between MTP sets employing Bray–Curtis Beta diversity distance measure and corrected for multiple comparisons following read and gene copy number normalization.
| H0: No difference between MTP sets | Pseudo-F | P value | Q valuea | Accept/reject H0 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Soil microbiomes | ||||
| Soil without nymphs (CT) = soil inhabited by nymphs (CT) | 0.853 | 0.478 | 0.561 | – |
| Soil inhabited by nymphs (CT) = soil inhabited by nymphs (NC) | 2.676 | *(0.015) | 0.068 | – |
| Nymph gut microbiomes and soil microbiomes | ||||
| Brood II nymphs (CT) = soil inhabited by nymphs (CT) | 21.799 | ***(0.001) | *(0.014) | Reject |
| Brood VI nymphs (NC) = soil inhabited by nymphs (NC) | 12.536 | *(0.043) | 0.1161 | – |
| Nymphs (CT + NC) = soil inhabited by nymphs (CT + NC) | 28.283 | ***(0.001) | *(0.014) | Reject |
| Brood X nymphs (MD) = soil without nymphs (MD) | 3.095 | **(0.002) | *(0.018) | Reject |
| Adult gut microbiomes and soil microbiomes | ||||
| Brood VI adults (NC) = soil inhabited by nymphs (NC) | 4.470 | 0.333 | 0.450 | – |
| Brood X adults (MD) = soil without nymphs (MD) | 5.395 | *(0.033) | 0.116 | – |
| Microbiomes of Brood II (CT) gut dissects | ||||
| Midgut = other dissectsb | 0.067 | 0.774 | 0.804 | – |
| Midgut = whole gut | 1.591 | 0.203 | 0.365 | – |
| Other dissectsb = whole gut | 1.588 | 0.231 | 0.367 | – |
| Midgut and other dissectsb = whole gut | 2.768 | 0.081 | 0.199 | – |
| Nymph gut microbiomes | ||||
| Brood II nymphs (CT) = Brood II nymphs (VA) | 0.431 | 0.65 | 0.702 | – |
| Brood II nymphs (CT) = Brood VI nymphs (NC) | 1.887 | 0.115 | 0.239 | – |
| Brood II nymphs (VA) = Brood VI nymphs (NC) | 0.930 | 0.435 | 0.559 | – |
| Brood II nymphs (CT + VA) = Brood VI nymphs (NC) | 3.987 | *(0.043) | 0.116 | – |
| Brood X male nymphs (MD) = Brood X female nymphs (MD) | 3.301 | **(0.005) | *(0.034) | Reject |
| Nymph and adult gut microbiomes | ||||
| Brood VI nymphs (NC) = Brood VI adults (NC) | 1.723 | 0.2 | 0.365 | – |
| Brood X male nymphs (MD) = Brood X female adults (MD) | 3.739 | **(0.007) | *(0.039) | Reject |
| Brood X female nymphs (MD) = Brood X female adults (MD) | 1.569 | 0.219 | 0.367 | – |
| Hodgkinia OTUs in nymph gut microbiomes | ||||
| Brood II nymphs (CT) = Brood II nymphs (VA) | 0.3676 | 0.999 | 0.999 | – |
| Brood II nymphs (CT) = Brood VI nymphs (NC) | 0.847 | 0.604 | 0.680 | – |
| Brood II nymphs (VA) = Brood VI nymphs (NC) | 2.059 | 0.109 | 0.239 | – |
| Brood II nymphs (CT + VA) = Brood VI nymphs (NC) | 2.557 | *(0.037) | 0.116 | – |
| Brood X male nymphs (MD) = Brood X female nymphs (MD) | 2.059 | 0.315 | 0.448 | – |
| Hodgkinia OTUs in Nymph and adult gut microbiomes | ||||
| Brood VI nymphs (NC) = Brood VI adults (NC) | 1.714 | 0.262 | 0.393 | – |
| Brood X nymphs (MD) = Brood X adults (MD) | 0.949 | 0.473 | 0.561 | – |
aQ value, False Discovery Rate (FDR) adjusted P value; bother dissects include filter chamber (n = 1), Malpighian tubules and hindgut (n = 2), and rectum (n = 1); (*) P ≤ 0.05, (**) P ≤ 0.01, (***) P ≤ 0.001; (–) accept H0.