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. 2022 Oct 10;13:5859. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-33605-1

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Changes in axial length during 3-week lens-induced myopia (LIM) in C57BL6J mice (n = 4). NL: No Lens control, −30D: minus 30 D lens-wearing eye. ***p = 0.00062; Student’s two-tailed t-test. b Changes in refraction during 3-week LIM in C57BL6J mice (n = 4); ***p = 0.00029; Student’s two-tailed t-test. c Transmission electron microscopy images of no lens (NL)-wearing (left panels) and minus 30 D lens-wearing (right panels) sclerae. Representative images of three biologically independent samples; N indicates nucleus and allow heads indicate rough endoplasmic reticulum. Scale bars: 1.0 µm. d Immunoblots showing ER sensor protein activation evaluated by phosphorylation levels of IRE1, PERK, eIF2α (downstream of PERK), and the ATF6 precursor (ATF6-P) and cleaved form of ATF6 (ATF6-N). Representative blots from four independent experiments are shown. Age-match: age-matched non-treated control, NL: No Lens-wearing eye, −30D: minus 30 D lens-wearing eye. e Densitometric quantification of blots in Fig. 1d using ImageJ. NL group was assigned a value of 1.0. Each group were n = 4 (each sample pooled 3 sclerae). The p values were determined by one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD (two-tailed). NS: Not Significant. f UPR target gene expression level determined by quantitative PCR in age-matched control (right gray), No-Lens control (white) and LIM (gray) sclerae for 3-week LIM (n = 7 or 8). NL group was assigned a value of 1.0. The p values were determined by one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD (two-tailed). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.