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. 2022 Oct 10;21:275. doi: 10.1186/s12912-022-01049-z

Table 7.

The intervention’s effect size on knowledge, stress level, and psychological wellbeing mean scores of caregivers of Alzheimer’s older adults

Items Study Group (N = 100) Mean Change Effect size
Before After
Mean ± SD Mean ± SD
Caregivers’ Alzheimer disease knowledge level 13.02 ± 4.304 27.43 ± 1.273 -14.410 1.11
Caregivers’ stress level 27.50 ± 9.482 18.92 ± 3.569 8.580 3.12
Caregivers’ psychological wellbeing 35.96 ± 9.143 40.71 ± 4.785 -4.750 1.32

Effect size 0.0-0.2 Small effect 0.3–0.7 Medium effect ≥ 0.8 Large effect