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. 2022 Sep 27;3:962722. doi: 10.3389/fpain.2022.962722

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© 2022 Silva-Passadouro, Delgado-Sanchez, Henshaw, Lopez-Diaz, Trujillo-Barreto, Jones and Sivan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of placebo intervention on FAA and its association with pre-intervention PCS-helplessness scores. (A) Relationship between pre-intervention PCS-helplessness scores and FAA recorded during tonic cold pain after application of placebo cream (placebo CPT) induced by CPT at 5 or 10 °C (N = 22). Note that no statistically significant correlation was found during placebo CPT conditions. (B) Comparison between FAA scores recorded during pre-placebo intervention CPT condition (initial CPT) vs. during CPT condition following application of placebo cream (placebo CPT) in 5 or 10 °C Block (N = 31). Data shown as mean ± SD. ns- Not Significant.