Table 2.

EV-Derived Molecules Involved in Liver Inflammation and Fibrosis

Disease status	Molecules
Inflammation (alcoholic liver disease)	•miR-12237 •CD40L38 •HSP9039 •miR-19239 •miR-27a40
Inflammation (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease)	•miR-192-5p20 •α4-Integrin and RNAs30 •SK231 •CXCL1041 •S1P42 •miR-130a43 •Ceramides44 •ITGβ117
Liver fibrosis	•CCN2 protein or mRNA22 •miR-128-3p45 •TLR3 ligands46 •SK147 •KIT48

Listed molecules are increased in EVs under the disease status.

CCN2, connective tissue growth factor; CD40L, CD40 ligand; EV, extracellular vesicle; HSP90, heat shock protein 90; ITGβ1, integrin β1; S1P, sphingosine-1-phosphate; SK, sphingosine kinase; TLR3, toll-like receptor 3.