Table 2. Risk of Recurrent Stroke According to the Type of Septal Abnormalities.
| Factor | No. (imputed) | HR (95% CI) | 2-y | 5-y | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusteda | Medical therapy % | PFO closure % | ARR % (95% CI)a | NNT | Medical therapy % | PFO closure % | ARR (95% CI)a | NNT | ||
| Small shunt without ASA | 1501 | 0.74 (0.45 to 1.22) | 0.68 (0.41 to 1.13) | 3.1 | 2.1 | 1.0 (–0.7 to 2.7) | 100 | 4.2 | 3.1 | 1.0 (–1.2 to 3.2) | 98 |
| Small shunt with ASA | 622 | 0.33 (0.16 to 0.71) | 0.36 (0.17 to 0.78) | 3.2 | 2.2 | 1.0 (–1.7 to 3.7) | 96 | 4.6 | 2.2 | 2.4 (–0.9 to 5.6) | 42 |
| Large shunt without ASA | 1012 | 0.32 (0.16 to 0.63) | 0.27 (0.14 to 0.56) | 1.6 | 0.7 | 1.0 (–0.4 to 2.3) | 102 | 3.0 | 0.9 | 2.0 (0.2 to 3.9) | 49 |
| Large shunt with ASA | 605 | 0.14 (0.06 to 0.34) | 0.15 (0.06 to 0.35) | 5.9 | 0.4 | 5.5 (2.7 to 8.3) | 18 | 8.0 | 0.9 | 7.1 (3.7 to 10.6) | 14 |
| Interaction P value | NA | .01 | .02 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Abbreviations: ARR, absolute risk reduction; ASA, atrial septal aneurysm, HR, hazard ratio; NA, not applicable; NNT, number needed to treat; PFO, patent foramen ovale.
a
Accounting for age, sex, prior myocardial infarction, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, prior stroke or transient ischemic attack, smoking status, index event (stroke vs transient ischemic attack), and superficial infarction on neuroimaging (present vs absent).