Table 7.

Hypotheses testing

Paths	β	Mean	Standard deviation	T statistics	P values	Confidence interval	f2	Hypothesis support?
H1. IQ → CE	0.227	0.215	0.085	2.654	0.010	(0.020, 0.337)	0.025	Yes
H2. SQ → CE	0.206	0.213	0.083	2.487	0.013	(0.039, 0.387)	0.044	Yes
H3. SEQ → CE	0.072	0.086	0.070	1.020	0.308	( − 0.126, 0.060)	0.009	No
H4. PR → CE	− 0.022	− 0.025	0.053	0.409	0.683	( − 0.133, 0.076)	0.007	No
H5. PS → CE	0.213	0.202	0.085	2.490	0.013	(0.015, 0.323)	0.024	Yes
H6. O → CE	0.257	0.252	0.083	3.083	0.002	(0.156, 0.424)	0.100	Yes
H7. CE → IU	0.397	0.402	0.062	6.431	0.000	(0.268,0.508)	0.187	Yes