Table II.
Comparison of immune cell profiles among patients with asymptomatic, mild symptomatic, severe+moderate infection, recovered individuals from severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 infection and uninfected controls
| Cell type | Asymptomatic (n=53) | Mild symptomatic (n=40) | Moderate+severe (n=30) | Asymptomatic+mild symptomatic (n=89) | Recovered (n=40) | Uninfected controls (n=56) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NK and NKT-like cell profile | ||||||
| CD3-CD56+NK cells | 2.16 (0.1-9.6) | 2.27 (0.2-10.4) | 12.5 (0.5-48.4)*$ | 2.21 (0.1-10.4) | 2.38 (0.7-5.4)@ | 8.25 (1.4-37.6)# |
| CD3+CD56+NKT-like cells | 12.7 (0-65.6) | 9.59 (0-62.4) | 9.93 (1.2-30.7)*$ | 11.4 (0-65) | 4.31 (0.7-12)@ | 7.09 (0-26.14) |
| B cell profile | ||||||
| CD19+B cells | 5.49 (1.5-15.20) | 4.40 (1-13) | NA | 5.05 (1-15.2) | 5.09 (2.4-12.6) | 5.09 (1.6-15.30) |
| CD19+CD27+memory B cells | 8.5 (0-29.2) | 12.9 (1.6-31.4) | NA | 10.3 (0-31.4)#, † | 19.7 (5.4-65.8)*,$ | 1.91 (0.2-11.4)# |
| T cell profile | ||||||
| CD3+CD4+Th cells | 67.0 (46.7-87.8)† | 71.7 (44.3-92.4)† | 59.7 (4.19-86.2)† | 68.9 (44.3-92.4)† | 72.6 (48.8-94.5) | 43.8 (30-65)# |
| CD3+CD8+TcCells | 23.3 (0.2-43.6) | 18.6 (2.9-41.1)† | 19.5 (1.9-67.2) | 21.4 (0.2-43.6) | 19.6 (1.9-48.3) | 25.8 (9.2-40.4) |
| Memory T cell profile | ||||||
| CD3+CD4+CD45RO+memTh | 13.8 (0-84.10)† | 25.8 (0-82.9) | 70.5 (36.1-83.3) | 18.7 (0-84.1)# | 46.4 (0.4-91.7)*,$ | 13.9 (3.4-35.2)# |
| CD3+CD8+CD45RO+mem Tc | 4.95 (0-37.5)† | 10.7 (0-42) | 67.8 (5.57-89.0) | 7.28 (0-42)# | 20.3 (0-51.2)*,$ | 4.15 (0.5-13.5)# |
| Treg profile | ||||||
| CD4+CD25+CD127- | 8.35 (0-19.2) | 8.21 (2.8-18.3) | NA | 8.2 (0-19.2) | 9.65 (5.8-13.4) | 8.62 (3.8-13) |
Percentage of each cell type are represented as mean (range) P values: * P<0.006 compared to asymptomatic; $ P<0.006 compared to mild symptomatic; @ P<0.006 compared to moderate+severe, # P<0.006 compared to recovered; † P<0.006 compared to uninfected controls. Bonferroni’s corrected cut off for P values: NK and NKT-like cell profile-(P<0.004), B cell profile-(P<0.006), T cell profile-(P<0.004), Memory T cell profile-(P<0.006), Tregs profile-(P<0.006) are considered significant. NA: not available