Table 2.
Participant and non-participant characteristics
| Participants (three trimesters) | Non-participants | |
|---|---|---|
| n = 306 | n = 1 073 | |
| Maternal characteristics | ||
| Age at enrollment, mean (SD) (years) | 32.1 (3.9)* | 30.1 (5.0)* |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | ||
| European ancestry | 298 (97.4%)* | 455 (42.9%)* |
| Non-European ancestry | 8 (2.6%)* | 605 (57.1%)* |
| Education, n (%) | ||
| Low-middle | 92 (30.2%)* | 564 (55.6%)* |
| High | 213 (69.8%)* | 450 (44.4%)* |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI, median (95% range) (kg/m2) | 22.6 (18.7–34.4) | 22.7 (18.4–35.1) |
| Folic acid supplementation, n (%), yes | 233 (93.6%)* | 654 (76.9%)* |
| Smoking sustained during pregnancy, n (%), yes | 24 (8.9%)* | 155 (15.9%)* |
| Alcohol consumption sustained during pregnancy (any), n (%), yes | 202 (55.8%)* | 340 (35.1%)* |
| Child characteristics | ||
| Gender (boys), n (%) | 160 (52.3%) | 536 (50.0%) |
| Birth weight, mean (SD) (g) | 3556 (468)* | 3425 (503)* |
| Gestational age at birth, mean (SD) (weeks) | 40.3 (1.3)* | 40.0 (1.5)* |
Values represent numbers (valid percent), mean (SD) or median (95% range)
SD standard deviation
*p value < 0.05