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. 2022 Oct 11;22:244. doi: 10.1186/s12866-022-02658-z

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 6 — Characterization of influence of ZnO-NPs on the expression of S. aureus biofilm and oxidative stress genes by RT- qPCR. The expression levels of icaA, icaR, agrA, sarA, katA and sigB in both ZnO-NPs treated and untreated S. aureus ATCC 6538 were analyzed by qRT-PCR. The expression level of each gene was normalized to 16S rRNA and expression foldchange was calculated by the 2^−∆∆CT method. The data shown are the means ± standard errors from three biological experiments with three technical replicates each. * P < 0.05was considered significant