TABLE 3.

Urinary angiotensinogen in patients with kidney disease

Chronic Kidney Disease
UAGT correlates with ACR (Yamamoto et al., 2007; Kobori et al., 2008; Kim et al., 2011a; Lee et al., 2011; Mills et al., 2012; Zhang et al., 2013; Jeon et al., 2020). Lower eGFR is associated with higher UAGT (Yamamoto et al., 2007; Kobori et al., 2008; Kim et al., 2011a; Mills et al., 2012; Zhang et al., 2013; Jeon et al., 2020). UAGT correlates with intrarenal Ang II or AGT (Yamamoto et al., 2007; Zhang et al., 2013). UAGT correlates with severity of kidney damage on biopsy (Kim et al., 2011a). UAGT is increased compared with healthy controls (Kobori et al., 2008; Mills et al., 2012; Zhang et al., 2013). UAGT predicts effect of (Jeon et al., 2020) and is reduced after ACEI or ARB (Lee et al., 2011).
Diabetic Kidney Disease
UAGT correlates with ACR (Terami et al., 2013; Satirapoj et al., 2014; Park et al., 2015b; Zhuang et al., 2015; Lee et al., 2017; Ba Aqeel et al., 2019). Lower eGFR is associated with higher UAGT (Terami et al., 2013; Satirapoj et al., 2014; Zhuang et al., 2015). Lower eGFR is not associated with higher UAGT (Park et al., 2015b). UAGT correlates with tubular damage markers (Terami et al., 2013). UAGT is higher in DKD compared with controls (Satirapoj et al., 2014) or type 1 diabetes mellitus without DKD (Wysocki et al., 2017a). UAGT is also increased in DKD patients without overt albuminuria (Satirapoj et al., 2014; Zhuang et al., 2015). UAGT is higher in DKD compared with CKD (Park et al., 2015b). UAGT does not predict disease progression after correction for ACR (Lee et al., 2017; Ba Aqeel et al., 2019). UAGT predicts disease progression after correction for ACR and other clinical parameters (Satirapoj et al., 2019).
IgA Nephropathy
UAGT correlated with ACR (Urushihara et al., 2010; Kim et al., 2011b; Konishi et al., 2011; Nishiyama et al., 2011; Jang et al., 2012; Urushihara et al., 2015). Lower eGFR is associated with higher UAGT (Kim et al., 2011b; Jang et al., 2012). No association between eGFR and UAGT (Ohashi et al., 2020). UAGT is higher compared with healthy controls (Urushihara et al., 2010; Kim et al., 2011b; Nishiyama et al., 2011) and other causes of CKD (Kim et al., 2011b). UAGT correlates to disease severity (Konishi et al., 2011; Jang et al., 2012; Urushihara et al., 2015) and Ang II/AGT (Nishiyama et al., 2011; Jang et al., 2012) in kidney biopsies. UAGT decreases after RAS inhibition (Urushihara et al., 2010, 2015; Nishiyama et al., 2011). UAGT predicts eGFR and proteinuria, no correction for ACR (Jang et al., 2012).
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
UAGT correlated with ACR (Kocyigit et al., 2013; Kurultak et al., 2014; Salih et al., 2017; Kim et al., 2019; Park et al., 2020). Lower eGFR is associated with higher UAGT (Park et al., 2015a). No association between eGFR and UAGT (Kocyigit et al., 2013; Salih et al., 2017; Park et al., 2020). Positive (Park et al., 2015a) or no correlation (Salih et al., 2017; Park et al., 2020) of UAGT with total kidney volume. UAGT increased compared with healthy controls (Kocyigit et al., 2013; Kurultak et al., 2014) and CKD (Salih et al., 2017; Kim et al., 2019). UAGT predicts disease progression (Park et al., 2020). UAGT correlated to serum potassium (Kim et al., 2019).
Miscellaneous
In patients with nephrotic range proteinuria, UAGT correlates with proteinuria (Jang et al., 2014; Tang et al., 2018). Plasma AGT correlates with UAGT in patients with nephrotic syndrome (Jang et al., 2014). No correlation between ACR and UAGT in minimal change disease (Tang et al., 2018). UAGT is increased in patients with AA amyloidosis compared with healthy controls (Kutlugün et al., 2012). The AGT/ACR ratio differentiates between TIN and IgA nephropathy (Ohashi et al., 2020).

ACR, albumin/creatinine ratio; TIN, tubulointerstitial nephritis; UAGT, urinary angiotensinogen.