Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Positive Diabetic Population Treated with Hypoglycemic Drugs
| Total | Insulin | Metformin | Sulphonylureas, Glinides | Acarbose, Pioglitazone | DPP4i | GLP-1 RA | SGLT2i | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N. of subjects by group of treatment (n)/(%) | 1923 | 611 (31.8%) | 1462 (76.0%) | 455 (23.7%) | 82 (4.3%) | 348 (18.1%) | 216 (11.2%) | 230 (12.0%) |
| Age, median (years) | 69.2 | 67.2 | 69.7 | 72.1 | 68.3 | 73.5 | 62.9 | 64.2 |
| Sex, Male (n)/(%) | 1150 (59.8%) | 346 (56.6%) | 887 (60.7%) | 265 (58.2%) | 49 (59.8%) | 207 (59.5%) | 137 (63.4%) | 159 (69.1%) |
| Duration of diabetic disease, median | 11.5 | 14.3 | 10.9 | 12.9 | 11.8 | 13 | 10.3 | 11 |
| Comorbidities (n)/(%) | ||||||||
| Hypertension | 1439 (74.8%) | 435 (71.2%) | 1120 (76.6%) | 347 (76.3%) | 58 (70.7%) | 267 (76.7%) | 169 (78.2%) | 181 (78.7%) |
| Dyslipidemia | 1205 (62.7%) | 365 (59.7%) | 926 (63.3%) | 295 (64.8%) | 54 (65.9%) | 236 (67.8%) | 140 (64.8%) | 174 (75.7%) |
| Other CV diseases | 955 (49.7%) | 329 (53.8%) | 728 (49.8%) | 241 (53.0%) | 36 (43.9%) | 216 (62.1%) | 97 (44.9%) | 125 (54.3%) |
| Renal faliure | 47 (2.4%) | 31 (5.1%) | 17 (1.2%) | 8 (1.8%) | 2 (2.4%) | 18 (5.2%) | 4 (1.9%) | 4 (1.7%) |
| Primary immunodeficiencies | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Acquired immunodeficiencies | 54 (2.8%) | 30 (4.9%) | 36 (2.5%) | 11 (2.4%) | 3 (3.7%) | 13 (3.7%) | 4 (1.9%) | 10 (4.3%) |
| Cancer | 234 (12.2%) | 68 (11.1%) | 195 (13.3%) | 56 (12.3%) | 3 (3.7%) | 41 (11.8%) | 17 (7.9%) | 34 (14.8%) |
| Chronic respiratory diseases | 86 (4.5%) | 35 (5.7%) | 62 (4.2%) | 32 (7.0%) | 2 (2.4%) | 19 (5.5%) | 10 (4.6%) | 9 (3.9%) |
| Patients with >1 comorbidities (n)/(%) | 1723 (89%) | 523 (85.6%) | 1339 (91.6%) | 420 (92.3%) | 69 (84.2%) | 323 (92.8%) | 196 (90.7%) | 215 (93.5%) |
| Hospitalizations (n)/(%) | ||||||||
| For SARS-CoV-2 infections | 437 (95.8%) | 161 (94.7%) | 320 (97.0%) | 128 (97.0%) | 21 (100.0%) | 95 (96.9%) | 42 (93.3%) | 43 (93.5%) |
| For thrombotic/CV disease | 19 (4.2%) | 9 (5.3%) | 10 (3.0%) | 4 (3.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (3.1%) | 3 (6.7%) | 3 (6.5%) |
| Total | 456 (23.7%) | 170 (27.8%) | 330 (22.6%) | 132 (29.0%) | 21 (25.6%) | 98 (28.2%) | 45 (20.8%) | 46 (20.0%) |
| Deaths (n)/(%) | 167 (8.7%) | 77 (12.6%) | 104 (7.1%) | 49 (10.8%) | 6 (7.3%) | 45 (12.9%) | 10 (4.6%) | 13 (5.7%) |
Abbreviations: DPP4i, Dipeptidyl-Peptidase-4 inhibitors; GLP-1 RA, Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists; SGLT2i, Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors; CV, Cardiovascular.