Table 3.

Univariate Analysis of Risk Factors for Enucleation Following OGI

Variable	Level	Odds Ratio	95% CI Lower	95% CI Upper	p-value	Type III p-value
Injury mechanism	Penetrating vs Rupture	0.44	0.24	0.81	0.0082	0.0007
	Perforating vs Rupture	0.37	0.20	0.70	0.0019
Previous ocular surgery	Yes vs no	1.64	1.06	2.56	0.0282
Time to presentation (hours)	>24h vs <24h	0.43	0.20	0.92	0.0306
RAPD	Yes vs no	6.44	3.37	12.28	<0.0001
IOFB	Yes vs no	0.55	0.28	1.07	0.0787
Zone of injury	2 vs 1	1.49	0.78	2.84	0.2263	<0.0001
	3 vs 1	6.66	4.01	11.06	<0.0001
Wound length	5–10mm vs <5mm	3.79	1.02	14.07	0.0468	<0.0001
	11–15mm vs <5mm	16.44	4.80	56.27	<0.0001
	16–20mm vs <5mm	21.64	5.97	78.40	<0.0002
	>20mm vs <5mm	41.31	12.35	138.14	<0.0003
Lens status pre-OGI	Pseudophakic vs phakic	1.87	1.15	3.04	0.0117	0.0386
	Aphakic vs phakic	0.77	0.09	6.46	0.8080
Lens disruption including implant disruption	Yes vs no	0.91	0.60	1.38	0.6718
Uveal prolapse	Yes vs no	6.10	3.11	11.99	<0.0001
Vitreous hemorrhage at time of wound closure	Yes vs no	1.36	0.89	2.07	0.1548
Intraocular inflammation with or without hypopyon at time of presentation	Yes vs no	0.30	0.12	0.77	0.0123
Retinal detachment	Yes vs no	1.76	1.13	2.75	0.0126
Endophthalmitis	Yes vs no	1.28	0.50	3.29	0.6034
Time to surgery from injury	>24h vs <24h	0.77	0.44	1.35	0.3598
Vitrectomy at time of globe repair	Weck-Cel vs no	1.04	0.61	1.79	0.8824	0.8413
	Anterior vitrectomy vs no	<0.001	<0.001	>999.999	0.9837
	Posterior vitrectomy vs no	0.57	0.17	1.96	0.3754
Lensectomy	Yes vs no	1.03	0.50	2.12	0.9434
Age (Years)	Continuous	1.01	1.00	1.02	0.0144
Presenting VA LogMAR	Continuous	13.35	6.59	27.07	<0.0001
Presenting VA	<20/400 vs ≥20/400	16.48	3.99	68.13	0.0001

Notes: Bolded rows within the table denote statistically significant risk factors and their associated odds ratios and p-values.

Abbreviations: RAPD, relative afferent pupillary defect; IOFB, intraocular foreign body.