TABLE 3.
COVID and Non-COVID Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome After Inverse Probability Weighting
| Variable | Overall, n =299.47 | Non-COVID, n = 110.75 | COVID, n = 188.72 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, yr | 53 (47–60) | 55 (47–61) | 52 (47–60) | 0.52 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 29.0 (25.8–32.7) | 27.8 (24.7–35.8) | 29.4 (26.5–32.0) | 0.82 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 219.2 (73.2%) | 82.2 (74.3%) | 137 (72.6%) | 0.78 |
| Medical history | ||||
| Mean comorbidity count | 0.74 (0.94) | 0.76 (0.87) | 0.73 (0.98) | 0.82 |
| Hypertension | 97.2 (32.4%) | 37.8 (34.1%) | 59.4 (31.5%) | 0.73 |
| Myocardial infarction | 19.9 (6.6%) | 8.3 (7.5%) | 11.6 (6.1%) | 0.70 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 60.8 (20.3%) | 24.3 (22.0%) | 36.5 (19.4%) | 0.75 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 18.5 (6.2%) | 7.5 (6.8%) | 11.0 (5.8%) | 0.75 |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 3.8 (1.3%) | 1.3 (1.1%) | 2.6 (1.4%) | 0.84 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 15.3 (5.1%) | 5.7 (5.1%) | 9.6 (5.1%) | 0.99 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 4.7 (1.6%) | 1.7 (1.6%) | 3.0 (1.6%) | 0.99 |
| Malignancy | 14.1 (4.7%) | 10.0 (9.0%) | 4.2 (2.2%) | 0.01 |
| Values prior to ECMO | ||||
| Lactate, mmol/L | 1.7 (1.2–2.8) | 1.9 (1.3–3.7) | 1.6 (1.2–2.3) | 0.06 |
| Sequential Organ Failure Assessment | 10.1 (± 3.5) | 11.4 (± 3.9) | 9.4 (±3.0) | < 0.01 |
| Pao2/Fio2 ratio, mm Hg | 67 (52–94) | 60 (40–98) | 68 (55–93) | 0.17 |
| ECMO characteristics | ||||
| Duration ICU admission—start ECMO, d | 4.74 (0.90–9.77) | 0.29 (0.01–2.79) | 6.87 (3.88–12.02) | < 0.001 |
| ECMO duration, d | 13.7 (8.0–22.0) | 13.0 (6.8–21.1) | 13.7 (8.6–22.6) | 0.30 |
| Second run | 12.2 (4.1%) | 5.3 (4.8%) | 7.0 (3.7%) | 0.63 |
| Complications | ||||
| Complication count | 0.61 | |||
| 0 | 52.0 (17.4%) | 18.0 (16.2%) | 34.0 (18.0%) | |
| 1 to 2 | 220.4 (73.6%) | 80.3 (72.4%) | 140.1 (74.3%) | |
| 3 or more | 27.0 (9.0%) | 12.5 (11.3%) | 14.6 (7.7%) | |
| Hemorrhagic event | 165.3 (55.4%) | 60.5 (54.6%) | 104.9 (55.8%) | 0.87 |
| Mechanical thrombotic event | 43.4 (14.5%) | 19.9 (17.9%) | 23.5 (12.5%) | 0.27 |
| Venous thrombotic event | 26.6 (8.9%) | 7.2 (6.5%) | 19.4 (10.3%) | 0.26 |
| Acute kidney injury | 155.3 (51.8%) | 59.0 (53.3%) | 96.3 (51.0%) | 0.77 |
| Infectious event | 156.2 (52.1%) | 47.4 (42.8%) | 108.7 (57.6%) | 0.05 |
| Renal replacement therapy | 151.1 (50.5%) | 61.5 (55.5%) | 89.6 (47.5%) | 0.31 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| Successful weaning | 171.4 (57.5%) | 71.3 (64.7%) | 100.1 (53.2%) | 0.13 |
| 28-d mortality | 104.67 (35.0%) | 33.75 (30.4%) | 73.52 (39.0%) | 0.37 |
| 60-d mortality | 127.78 (42.7%) | 41.7 (37.6%) | 91.3 (48.4%) | 0.33 |
| Weighted pooled hazard ratio (60-d mortality) | 1.27 (95% CI, 0.82–1.98) | 0.30 | ||
ECMO = extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Variables are stated as n (%) for categorical variables, mean ± sd for parametric, and median (1st quartile–third quartile) for nonparametric numeric data.
All significant (p < 0.05) values are given in bold.