Table 5.

Immediate effects of FSN and TENS groups on NROM.

	FSN			TENS
	Pre-tx	Post-tx	P	Pre-tx	Post-tx	P
Day 1
Flexion	49.80 ± 12.47	55.50 ± 11.15	<0.001∗	47.60 ± 11.97	51.16 ± 11.05	0.001∗
Extension	49.43 ± 14.46	54.76 ± 12.24	<0.001∗	53.13 ± 12.71	56.33 ± 14.03	0.043∗
Left rotation	54.13 ± 11.39	60.10 ± 9.72	<0.001∗	54.83 ± 12.84	57.56 ± 10.40	0.052
Right rotation	57.56 ± 12.21	63.30 ± 10.48	<0.001∗	56.96 ± 9.75	60.26 ± 9.81	0.002∗
Left side bending	41.03 ± 10.75	44.13 ± 9.79	0.034∗	40.90 ± 11.16	44.33 ± 10.90	0.044∗
Right side bending	37.50 ± 8.61	42.53 ± 6.86	<0.001∗	35.30 ± 10.12	39.66 ± 8.78	0.001∗
Day 2
Flexion	54.23 ± 10.83	57.80 ± 11.04	0.001∗	52.33 ± 11.67	54.46 ± 11.61	0.030∗
Extension	52.46 ± 12.55	57.20 ± 11.80	0.001∗	52.83 ± 12.16	56.56 ± 11.70	<0.001∗
Left rotation	58.26 ± 9.08	60.76 ± 9.55	0.034∗	59.50 ± 11.38	61.40 ± 11.06	0.040∗
Right rotation	60.10 ± 11.05	62.73 ± 9.64	0.040∗	59.00 ± 9.25	63.06 ± 8.43	0.002∗
Left side bending	43.26 ± 9.77	47.53 ± 8.57	0.010∗	41.80 ± 10.99	45.06 ± 9.06	0.005∗
Right side bending	40.13 ± 7.17	44.30 ± 7.44	<0.001∗	38.00 ± 9.72	41.70 ± 9.02	<0.001∗
Day 4
Flexion	57.16 ± 11.52	58.70 ± 11.22	0.115	53.20 ± 12.31	55.36 ± 11.11	0.048∗
Extension	55.06 ± 10.57	58.70 ± 9.70	<0.001∗	56.16 ± 11.34	59.16 ± 11.06	0.002∗
Left rotation	57.63 ± 10.41	59.76 ± 8.69	0.077	59.63 ± 9.89	62.30 ± 8.17	0.003∗
Right rotation	61.33 ± 11.25	65.63 ± 9.29	0.016∗	62.30 ± 8.81	63.30 ± 9.06	0.187
Left side bending	44.03 ± 9.17	48.16 ± 8.95	<0.001∗	45.03 ± 10.37	47.30 ± 9.27	0.077
Right side bending	44.16 ± 9.50	47.10 ± 8.46	0.011∗	40.80 ± 8.41	43.76 ± 8.63	0.001∗

Data were expressed as mean ± SD; P value was tested with a paired sample t-test. FSN: Fu's subcutaneous needling; TENS: transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation; NROM: neck range of motion. Asterisks (^∗) showed the P < 0.05 in FSN or TENS group, respectively.