Table 7.

Cosmetics removal by chemical methods

Compound	Material	Initial concentration	Removal (%, time)	Major mechanism	Ref
Methylparaben (MP), ethylparaben (EP), propylparaben (PP), butylparaben (BP)	Ozone	-	94.85–99.22% of all four simultaneously after 15 min	Ozonation and UV irradiation (O3/UV/TiO2/H2O)	Cuerda-Correa et al. (2016)
Methylparaben (MP), ethylparaben (EP), propylparaben (PP), butylparaben (BP), chemical oxygen demand COD	Ozone	70 mg H2O2/L, 8 mg O3/L	All parabens 100% after 120 min, COD 70%	O3/H2O2	Gmurek et al. (2019)
Methylparaben (MP), ethylparaben (EP), propylparaben (PP), butylparaben (BP), chemical oxygen demand COD	TiO2-Pt, TiO2-Pd, TiO2-Ag Ozone	45 mg O3	All parabens 100% after 120 min, COD 41–49%	O3/UVA/TiO2-Pt O3/UVA/TiO2-Pd O3/UVA/TiO2-Ag	Gmurek et al. (2019)
Chemical oxygen demand COD	Light/Fe0/H2O2	1000 mg/L Fe0 2280 mg/L H2O2	70% after 120 min just by the combined process, then 97.7% after SBR	Combined light/Fe0/H2O2 and sequencing batch reactor (SBR)	Muszyński et al. (2019)
Total organic carbon (TOC)	H2O2/Fe3O4/Fe2O3/Fe0	500 mg/L Fe3O4 500 mg/L Fe2O3 1000 mg/L Fe0	56.2% after 120 min	UV/H2O2/Fe3O4/Fe2O3/Fe0	Bogacki et al. (2020)
Total organic carbon (TOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD)	Metallurgical waste, H2O2	MW 8.0 g/L, H2O2 0.05 g/L	TOC 75% after 6 min COD 99% after 6 min	heterogeneous photo Fenton-Like degradation treatment	de Andrade et al. (2020)
Brilliant Green Methylene Blue	rGO/Ag2O Nanocomposite	30 mg in 15 mL MB or BG solution (10 ppm)	BG 75%, after 70 min MB 90%, after 150 min	photocatalytic reduction	Iqbal et al. (2021)