Table C3. Needs, Obstacles, and Feedback Specifically for SAFE Intervention.

Escape button: good for (feelings of) safety.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Safe usage: explanation of how to delete browser history and use incognito mode.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Safe means of communication with participants.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Approach: women have to recognize themselves in the way SAFE approaches them, in the presentation of information and experiences from survivors. Discuss abuse, feeling unsafe or unsure, various types of violence and abuse. Avoid stereotypical, black and white messages.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Diversity: consider diverse IPVA situations that women can identify with and cater to a variety of needs. E.g., a checklist, examples of behavior that portrays various types of IPVA.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Interactive: a chat, forum, and short movies with survivors are good additions.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Chat and forum: important to provide, it could be helpful for some women in sharing their story. Women should be able to use it anonymously. Make sure to monitor and quickly stop negative interactions, perhaps provide an ignore/report option. A chat is a fast and easy way of communicating. The chat could be available 24/7, as some survivors might want to chat during the night, even if you cannot monitor 24/7. However, be cautious with women getting dependent on it or focusing so much on helping others that they forget about themselves.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Tangible (professional) help and tips: to refer to via a database. Provide an overview of tangible help options (including links to their websites, how to contact them, etc.) with filters for types of help and region. Include survivor-professionals in this overview. Also, provide information on what you can expect from certain types of help. Furthermore, provide tangible tips on practical issues, e.g., when a survivor’s preparing to leave the violent partner.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Dissemination: disseminate the existence of SAFE so it is easy to find. E.g., through DV and mental health organizations, women’s organizations and the consultation bureau for infants and toddlers. Professionals should know SAFE as well in order to refer their patients/clients.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Thresholds: for using SAFE may be not wanting to feel like a victim or not identifying with the image of IPVA. Another threshold can be the corresponding RCT study. It is important to give participants the option to be anonymous and to let them know what happens with personal information and data. Another threshold can be the fear of the (ex-)partner finding out that they use SAFE or encountering their (ex-)partner on the website.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Feeling safe: to use the intervention depends on being able to use it anonymously, and on safety measures. E.g., an escape button and measures regarding browser history. It also depends on being able to stay in control (help is organized at their own initiative) and on perpetrators not being able to gain access.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Publicity: SAFE has to be known in society as a help option when dealing with IPVA.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Screening: of all registrations as a safety measure and to avoid (ex-)partners who try to infiltrate. Be aware of hacking.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Emergency contact: only optional and participants decides when contact is permitted.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Help options: should be broad so it connects with various needs that women may have. They have to be tangible and relevant for different types of IPVA situations. They should also entail options for contact with fellow survivors and survivor-professionals.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Themed chats: with survivor-professionals and professionals are a good addition.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Neutral appearance: it should not be clear directly that it is about DV or IPVA.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Completely online: the registration process, providing information, etc., all takes place online. This is safer than putting it on paper, which is often the case in regular professional help.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Problem solving skills: be careful with providing exercises, as it is not clear how this will be interpreted and put into practice, with possible negative consequences (violence escalating). Additional help options to guide women in using these tips and skills should be provided.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Safety module: on being safe at home, which organizations can help you to be safe etc.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Personal information from participants has to be protected.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Digital diary: can be safer online than to have it lying around the house.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Access: certain webpages should only be available for people who can log in.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Awareness: educate women on what is (ab)normal and/or (un)healthy in relationships so they can recognize red flags in their own relationship.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Children: educate women on the impact of IPVA on their children so they recognize IPVA is dangerous for their children as well.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Free usage: participants should be free to use modules according to their own needs and at their own pace, not in a predetermined sequence.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Real contact: it is important to have a sense of real contact, not as if you talk to a robot.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Immediate danger: provide options for women who are in immediate danger.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Contact: create safety, trust, and warmth in contact with survivors, to prevent drop out.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Personal information: gather as minimal as possible and declare it is stored safely.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Private messaging: possibly helpful when some does not want to communicate in a group.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Safe appearance: background colors have to be inviting but should not be too bright with regard to brightness from the screen when looking at it at night and someone noticing it.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Information: has to be recognizable and tangible in order to be aware of your own situation and what steps you can take to get out.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Search option: perhaps provide this to search within the website easily.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Information: on types of IPVA but also on types of perpetrators.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Life domains: provide information, advice, and options for various life domains.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Checklist: perhaps provide a test/checklist on the situation which, based on your answers, will then refer you to specific types of help and organizations.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Logically structured: women have to know where they can start, how they can use SAFE, and where they can go if they want additional help or information.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑
Safe space: it is important that SAFE is a safe, non-judgmental space for women to go through the process at their own pace.	P ☑ S ☑ S-P ☑

Note. P = professionals, S = survivors, S-P = survivor-professionals.