Table 1.
Definition of the exercise interventions using the F.I.T.T. principle.
| Type of exercise | Abbreviation | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| Aerobic; Moderate intensity; Short cycle |
AE-M-S | Frequency: 1–3 times per week Intensity: >64% HRmax and <75% HRmax Time: Each session lasting 30–60 min; total intervention cycle <24 weeks Type: Any mode of aerobic only (e.g., walking, running, cycling, and swimming) |
| Aerobic; Low intensity; Short cycle |
AE-L-S | Frequency: 1–3 times per week Intensity: ≤ 64% HRmax Time: Each session lasting 30–60 min; total intervention cycle <24 weeks; Type: Any mode of aerobic only (e.g., walking, running, cycling, and swimming) |
| Aerobic; Low intensity; Long cycle |
AE-L-L | Frequency: 1–3 times per week Time: Each session lasting 30–60 min; total intervention cycle ≥24 weeks; Intensity: ≤ 64% HRmax Type: Any mode of aerobic only (e.g., walking, running, cycling, and swimming) |
| Resistance; Low intensity; Short cycle |
RE-L-S | Frequency: 1–3 times per week Intensity: ≤ 50% (1RM) Time: Each session lasting 30–60 min; total intervention cycle <24 weeks; Type: Any mode of resistance exercise (e.g., free weights, weights machines, and resistance bands) |
| Resistance; Moderate intensity; Short cycle |
RE-M-S | Frequency: 1–3 times per week Intensity: >50% (1rm) and <70%(1rm); Time: Each session lasting 30–60 min; total intervention cycle <24 weeks; Type: Any mode of resistance exercise (e.g., free weights, weights machines, and resistance bands) |
| Combined; Low intensity; Short cycle |
COM-L-S | Frequency: 1–3 times per week Intensity: ≤ 50% (1RM) Time: Each session lasting 30–60 min; total intervention cycle <24 weeks Type: Any mode of resistance exercise (e.g., free weights, weights machines, and resistance bands) |
| Combined; Moderate intensity; Short cycle |
COM-M-S | Frequency: 1–3 times per week Intensity: ≤ 50% (1RM) Time: Each session lasting 30–60 min; total intervention cycle <24 weeks Type: Any mode of resistance exercise (e.g., free weights, weights machines, and resistance bands) |
| Combined; Moderate intensity; Long cycle |
COM-M-L | Frequency: 1–3 times per week Intensity: ≤ 50% (1RM) Time: Each session lasting 30–60 min; total intervention cycle ≥24 weeks Type: Any mode of resistance exercise (e.g., free weights, weights machines, and resistance bands) |
| Control | CON | No exercise |