Table 2.
Summary of studies included in network meta-analysis indicating the exercise intervention used and the outcome measure.
| No. | References | Country | N(M) | Age | Period | Frequency | Intensity | Time | Type | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Altan et al. (2004) | Turkey | AE-M-S:24(11) CON:22(0) | AE-M-S:43.14 ± 6.39 CON:43.91 ± 6.26 | 12 | 3 | 60% HRmax | 35 | AE-M-S CON | FIQ Tender point count (1–18) |
| 2 | Assumpção et al. (2018) | Brazil | RE-M-S:16(0) CON:14(0) | RE-M-S:45.7 ± 7.7 CON:46.9 ± 6.5 | 12 | 2 | Borg (13) | 40 | RE-M-S CON | FIQ Tender point count (1–18) |
| 3 | Andrade et al. (2019) | Brazil | RE-M-S:25(0) CON:21(0) | RE-M-S:52.0 ± 9.26 CON: 50.6 ± 9.61 | 4 | 3 | 67% (1rm) | 60 | RE-M-S CON | FIQ |
| 4 | Bircan et al. (2008) | Turkey | RE-M-S:13(0) AE-M-S:13(0) | RE-M-S:46.0 ± 8.5 AE-M-S:48.3 ± 5.3 | 8 | 3 | 65% HRmax | 60 | RE-M-S AE-M-S | Tender point count (1–18) 6MWT |
| 5 | Carbonell-Baeza et al. (2011b) | Spain | COM-M-S:33(0) CON:32(0) | COM-M-S:50.0 ± 7.3 CON:51.4 ± 7.4 | 16 | 1 | Borg (13) | 45 | COM-M-S CON | Tender point count (1–18) 6MWT |
| 6 | Carbonell-Baeza et al. (2011a) | Spain | RG-L-L:33(0) CON:32(0) | COM-L-L:42 ± 0 CON:30 ± 0 | 12 | 3 | Borg (13) | 45 | COM-L-L CON | FIQ |
| 7 | Da Costa et al. (2005) | Canada | AE-M-S:39(0) CON:40(1) | AE-M-S:48 ± 10.0 CON:52 ± 8.0 | 12 | 2 | 73% HRmax | 45 | AE-M-S CON | FIQ |
| 8 | de Almeida Silva et al. (2019) | Brazil | RE-M-S:40(0) CON:25(0) | RE-M-S:44.93 ± 10.30 CON: 49.40 ± 8.30 | 12 | 2 | 70% (1rm) | 40 | RE-M-S CON | 6MWT |
| 9 | Ericsson et al. (2016) | Sweden | RE-M-S:56(0) CON:49(0) | 22–64 | 15 | 2 | 60% (1rm) | 60 | RE-M-S CON | FIQ 6MWT |
| 10 | Espí-López et al. (2016) | Spain | AE-L-S:13(0) CON:9(0) | AE-L-S:51.2 ± 5.5 CON:57.1 ± 7.1 | 8 | 2 | Slightly | 60 | AE-L-S CON | FIQ |
| 11 | Ernberg et al. (2018) | Sweden | RE-M-S:49(0) CON:43(0) | RE-M-S:51.2 ± 9.4 CON:48.2 ± 11.4 | 15 | 2 | 75% (1rm) | 60 | RE-M-S CON | FIQ 6MWT |
| 12 | Fontaine and Haaz (2007) | USA | AE-M-S:22(0) CON:26(2) | AE-M-S:48.0 ± 10.0 CON:52.0 ± 8.0 | 12 | 3 | 60% HRmax | 30 | AE-M-S CON | FIQ Tender point count (1–18) 6MWT |
| 13 | Gowans et al. (2001) | Canada | AE-M-S:16(6) CON:15(13) | AE-M-S:49.1 ± 2 CON:46.7 ± 10.3 | 23 | 3 | 68% HRmax | 30 | AE-M-S CON | FIQ Tender point count (1–18) 6MWT |
| 14 | García-Martínez et al. (2012) | Spain | AE-M-S:12(0) CON:13(0) | AE-M-S:59.3 ± 4.8 CON:58.6 ± 7.8 | 12 | 3 | 75% HRmax | 60 | AE-M-S CON | FIQ |
| 15 | Gavi et al. (2014) | Brazil | RE-L-S:35(0) CON:31(0) | RE-L-S:44.34 ± 7.94 CON: 48.65 ± 7.60 | 16 | 2 | 45% (1rm) | 45 | RE-L-S CON | FIQ |
| 16 | Glasgow et al. (2017) | USA | RE-M-S:13(0) CON:12(0) | 52 ± 13 | 8 | 2 | 55% HRmax | 30 | RE-M-S CON | FIQ |
| 17 | Häkkinen et al. (2001) | Finland | RE-M-S:11(0) CON:10(0) | RE-M-S:39 ± 6.0 CON:37 ± 5.0 | 17 | 2 | 68% HRmax | 60 | RE-M-S CON | Tender point count (1–18) |
| 18 | Häkkinen et al. (2001) | Finland | RE-M-S:11(0) CON:10(0) | RE-M-S:39 ± 6 CON:37 ± 5 | 21 | 2 | 68% HRmax | 60 | RE-M-S CON | Tender point count (1–18) |
| 19 | Hammond and Freeman (2006) | UK | AE-M-S:71(0) CON:62(0) | AE-M-S:48.36 ± 10.91 CON:48.73 ± 10.95 | 10 | 3 | 68% HRmax | 45 | AE-M-S CON | FIQ |
| 20 | Hernando-Garijo et al. (2021) | Spain | AE-M-S:17(0) CON:17(0) | AE-M-S: 51.81 ± 9.05 CON: 55.06 ± 8.51 | 15 | 2 | Borg (6) | 50 | AE-M-S CON | FIQ 6MWT |
| 21 | Izquierdo-Alventosa et al. (2020) | Spain | COM-M-S:16(0) CON:16(0) | 30–70 | 8 | 2 | Borg (4) | 60 | COM-M-S CON | FIQ 6MWT |
| 22 | Izquierdo-Alventosa et al. (2021) | Spain | RE-L-S:16(0) con:16(1) | RE-L-S:53.06 ± 8.40 CON:55.13 ± 7.35 | 15 | 2 | Borg (4) | 60 | RE-L-S CON | FIQ |
| 23 | Jones et al. (2002) | USA | RE-M-S:28(0) CON:28(0) | RE-M-S:49.2 ± 6.36 CON:46.4 ± 8.56 | 12 | 2 | 67% (1rm) | 60 | RE-M-S CON | FIQ Tender point count (1–18) |
| 24 | Jones et al. (2008) | USA | AE-L-S:38(5) CON:38(0) | AE-L-S:45.2 ± 9.4 CON:47.3 ± 7.4 | 26 | 3 | 45% HRmax | 60 | AE-L-S CON | FIQ Tender point count (1–18) |
| 25 | Jablochkova et al. (2019) | Sweden | RE-M-S:38(0) CON:34(0) | 50.8 ± 9.6 | 15 | 2 | 75% (1rm) | 60 | RE-M-S CON | FIQ |
| 26 | King et al. (2002) | Canada | AE-M-S:42(0) CON:34(0) | AE-M-S:49.62 ± 7.65 CON:49.78 ± 7.87 | 12 | 3 | 68% HRmax | 30 | AE-M-S CON | FIQ Tender point count (1–18) 6MWT |
| 27 | Kingsley et al. (2005) | USA | RE-M-S:15(0) CON:14(0) | RE-M-S:47 ± 4 CON:45 ± 9 | 12 | 2 | 67% (1rm) | 30 | RE-M-S CON | FIQ Tender point count (1–18) |
| 28 | Kurt et al. (2016) | Turkey | AE-M-S:36(0) CON:36(0) | AE-M-S:35.13 ± 11.60 CON:41.94 ± 12.78 | 3 | 3 | 65% HRmax | 35 | AE-M-S CON | FIQ |
| 29 | Latorre et al. (2013) | Spain | COM-M-L:42(0) CON:30(0) | COM-M-L:52.40 ± 8.01 CON: 50.93 ± 7.72 | 24 | 3 | 74% (1rm) | 40 | COM-M-L CON | FIQ Tender point count (1–18) 6MWT |
| 30 | Latorre Román et al. (2015) | Spain | RE-M-S:20(0) CON:16(0) | RE-M-S:51.70 ± 9.50 CON:50.25 ± 8.83 | 18 | 3 | 74% (1rm) | 60 | RE-M-S CON | FIQ Tender point count (1–18) |
| 31 | Larsson et al. (2015) | Sweden | RE-M-S:67(0) CON:63(0) | RE-M-S:50.81 ± 9.05 CON: 52.10 ± 9.78 | 15 | 2 | 60% (1rm) | 60 | RE-M-S CON | FIQ 6MWT |
| 32 | Munguía-Izquierdo and Legaz-Arrese (2007) | Spain | COM-M-S:29(0) CON:24(0) | COM-M-S:50 ± 7 CON:46 ± 8 | 16 | 3 | 65% HRmax | 60 | COM-M-S CON | FIQ Tender point count (1–18) |
| 33 | Munguía-Izquierdo and Legaz-Arrese (2008) | Spain | COM-M-S:29(0) CON:24(0) | COM-M-S:50 ± 7 CON:46 ± 8 | 16 | 3 | 65% HRmax | 60 | COM-M-S CON | FIQ Tender point count (1–18) |
| 34 | Mannerkorpi et al. (2009) | Sweden | AE-M-S:81(0) CON:85(0) | AE-M-S:44.6 ± 9.26 CON:46.5 ± 8.3 | 20 | 1 | 57% HRmax | 45 | AE-M-S CON | FIQ 6MWT |
| 35 | Paolucci et al. (2015) | Italy | AE-M-S:19(0) CON:18(0) | AE-M-S:50.1 ± 8.9 CON:48.1 ± 10.4 | 5 | 2 | 60% HRmax | 60 | AE-M-S CON | FIQ |
| 36 | Richards and Scott (2002) | UK | AE-L-S:68(0) CON:65(0) | AE-L-S:48 ± 13.3 CON:45 ± 11.9 | 12 | 2 | Slightly | 50 | AE-L-S CON | FIQ Tender point count (1–18) |
| 37 | Redondo et al. (2004) | Spain | AE-M-S:19(0) CON:21(0) | 30–70 | 8 | 3 | 65% HRmax | 45 | AE-M-S CON | FIQ Tender point count (1–18) |
| 38 | Rooks et al. (2007) | USA | AE-M-S:35(0) RE-M-S:135(0) CON:27(0) | AE-M-S:48 ± 11 RE-M-S:50 ± 11 CON:51 ± 12 | 16 | 2 | 50% (1rm) | 60 | AE-M-S RE-M-S CON | FIQ |
| 39 | Rodríguez-Mansilla et al. (2021) | Spain | AE-M-S:33(0) CON:29(1) | 52.24 ± 6.19 | 6 | 2 | 65% HRmax | 45 | AE-M-S CON | FIQ |
| 40 | Sañudo et al. (2011) | UK | COM-M-L:18(0) CON:20(0) | COM-M-L:55.48 ± 7.14 CON: 56.15 ± 8.48 | 24 | 2 | 68% HRmax | 50 | COM-M-L CON | FIQ |
| 41 | Sañudo et al. (2012) | Spain | RE-M-L:18(0) CON:19(0) | COM-M-L:55.48 ± 7.14 CON: 56.15 ± 8.48 | 26 | 2 | 68% HRmax | 53 | COM-M-L CON | FIQ 6MWT |
| 42 | Campos et al. (2020) | Spain | COM-M-S:24(0) CON:16(0) | COM-M-S:61.75 ± 8.05 CON: 60.75 ± 7.17 | 18 | 3 | 74% (1rm) | 48 | COM-M-S CON | FIQ Tender point count (1–18) |
| 43 | Tomas-Carus et al. (2007) | Spain | COM-M-S:17(0) CON:17(0) | COM-M-S:51 ± 10 CON:51 ± 9 | 12 | 3 | 70% HRmax | 60 | COM-M-S CON | FIQ |
| 44 | van Eijk-Hustings et al. (2013) | Netherlands | AE-M-S:47(0) CON:48(2) | AE-M-S:43.9 ± 7.6 CON:42.9 ± 11.0 | 12 | 2 | 60% HRmax | 55 | AE-M-S CON | FIQ |
| 45 | Zijlstra et al. (2005) | Netherland | AE-M-S:58(3) CON:76(3) | AE-M-S:48 (22–64) CON: 47 (24–64) | 3 | 2 | 70% HRmax | 60 | AE-M-S CON | FIQ Tender point count (1–18) |
AE-M-S, Aerobic; Moderate intensity; Short cycle. AE-L-S, Aerobic; Low intensity; Short cycle. AE-L-L, Aerobic; Low intensity; Long cycle. RE-L-S, Resistance; Low intensity; Short cycle. RE-M-S, Resistance; Moderate intensity; Short cycle. COM-L-L, Combined; Low intensity; Short cycle. COM-M-S, Combined; Moderate intensity; Short cycle. COM-M-L, Combined; Moderate intensity; Long cycle. CON, No exercise: control group.